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\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}
\title{Common software lifecycle management in external projects}
\author{C. Duma$^1$, A. Costantini$^1$, D. Michelotto$^1$,
P. Orviz$^2$, D. Salomoni$^1$}
\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, IT}
\address{$^2$ IFCA, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-CSIC, Santander, SP}
\ead{ds@cnaf.infn.it}
\begin{abstract}
This paper describes the common procedure defined and adopted in the field of Software Lifecycle Management and
Continuous Integration and Delivery to manage the new releases, as a first step to ensure
the quality of the provided solutions, services and components, while strengthening the collaboration between
developers and operations teams among different external projects.
In particular, the paper analyses the common software lifecycle management procedure developed during the
INDIO-DataCloud project and recently improved and adopted in two EC funded
projects: eXtreme DataCloud and DEEP Hybrid DataCloud.
\end{abstract}
\section{Introduction}
The eXtreme-DataCloud (XDC) \cite{xdc} and DEEP-HybridDataCloud (DEEP-HDC) \cite{deep} projects are aimed at addressing requirements from a wide range of User Communities belonging to several disciplines and test the developed software solutions against the real life use cases.
The software solutions carried out by the both projects are released as Open Source and are based on already existing components (TRL8+) that the projects will enrich with new functionalities and plugins.
The use of standards and protocols widely available on the state-of-the-art distributed computing ecosystems may be not enough to guarantee that the released components can be easily plugged into the European e-Infrastructures and in general on cloud based computing environments and the definition and implementation of the entire Software
Lifecycle Management process becames mandatory in such projects.
As the software components envisaged by both projects have a history of development
in previous successful European projects (such as the INDIGO-DataCloud \cite{indigo} project) implementing different types of modern software development techniques,
the natural choice was to complement the previous, individual, Continuous Development and Integration services
with a Continuous Testing, Deployment and Monitoring as part of a DevOps approach:
\begin{itemize}
\item Continuous Testing - the activity of continuously testing the developed software in order to identify issues in
the early phases of the development. For Continuous testing, automation tools will be used. These tools enable
the QA’s for testing multiple code-bases and in parallel, to ensure that there are no flaws in the functionality. In
this activity the use of Docker containers for simulating testing environments on the fly, is also a preferred choice.
Once the code is tested, it is continuously integrated with the existing code.
\item Continuous Deployment - the activity of continuously updating production environment once new code is made
available. Here we ensure that the code is correctly deployed on all the servers. If there is any addition of functionality
or a new feature is introduced, then one should be ready to add resources according to needs. Therefore, it is also
the responsibility of the SysAdmin to scale up the servers. Since the new code is deployed on a continuous basis,
automation tools play an important role for executing tasks quickly and frequently. Puppet, Chef, SaltStack and
Ansible are some popular tools that could be used at this step. This activity represents the Configuration
Management - the process of standardising the resources configurations and enforcing their state across
infrastructures in an automated manner. The extensive use of containerisation techniques will provide an
entire runtime environment: application/service, all its dependencies, libraries and binaries, and configuration
files needed to run it, bundled in one package - container. T3.1 will also manage the scalability testing, being
able to manage the configurations and do the deployments of any number of nodes automatically.
\item Continuous Monitoring - very crucial activity in the DevOps model of managing software lifecycle, which is
aimed at improving the quality of the software by monitoring its performance. This practice involves the participation
of the Operations team who will monitor the users’ activity to discover bugs or improper behavior of the system.
This can also be achieved by making use of dedicated monitoring tools, which will continuously monitor the application
performance and highlight issues. Some popular tools useful in this step are Nagios \cite{nagios}, NewRelic \cite{newrelic}
and Sensu \cite{sensu}. These tools
help to monitor the health of the system proactively and improve productivity and increase the reliability of the
systems, reducing IT support costs. Any major issues found could be reported to the Development team to be
fixed in the continuous development phase.
\end{itemize}
These DevOps activities are carried out on loop continuously until the desired product quality is achieved.
Automation will play a central role in all the activities in order to achieve a complete release automation, moving the
software from the developers through build and quality assurance checks, to deployment into integration testbeds
and finally to production sites part of the Pilot Infrastructures.
In the following sections, an overview of the recentli defined best practices that have been adopted in both XDC and DEEP-XDC projects for the Software Lifecycle Management and Continuous Integration and Delivery are presented and described.
\section{Software Quality Assurance and Control}
Software Quality Assurance (SQA) covers the set of software engineering processes
that foster the quality and reliability in the software produced. The activities involved in this task are mainly focused on:
\begin{itemize}
\item Defining and maintaining a common SQA procedure to guide the software development efforts throughout its life cycle.
\item Formulating a representative set of metrics for the software quality control to follow up on the behavior of the
software produced, aiming to detect and fix early deviations in the software produced.
\item Enabling a continuous integration process, eventually complemented by a continuous delivery scenario, promoting
the automation adoption for the testing, building, deployment and release activities.
\end{itemize}
In order to define the SQA process, the specific context of the software developed in the project has to be taken into account.
The following particularities characterize the corresponding development teams:
\begin{itemize}
\item Heterogeneous developer profiles: different backgrounds and different degrees of expertise.
\item Geographically distributed.
\item Different home institutes which implies different cultures, different development technologies, process and methods.
\item High turnover due to the limited duration of the projects where the grid software has been developed so far.
\item More focus on development activities, with limited resources, if any, available for quality assurance activities.
\end{itemize}
The Quality Assurance process has to take all above described factors into account to define the Software Quality Assurance Plan (SQAP).
A set of ``QA Policies'' have also to be defined to guide the development teams towards uniform practices and processes.
These QA Policies define the main activities of the software lifecycle, such as releasing, tracking, packaging and documenting
the software carried out by the project. This is done in collaboration with development teams, making sure they are flexible
enough to co-exist as much as possible with current development methods. The SQA activities have to be monitored and controlled
to track their evolution and put in place corrective countermeasures in case of deviations.
Moreover, a quality model have to be defined
to help in evaluating the software products and process quality. It helps to set quality goals for software products and processes.
The Quality Model has to follow the ISO/IEC 25010:2011 “Systems and software engineering - Systems and software
Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) - System and software quality models” \cite{R18} to identify a set of characteristics (criteria)
that need to be present in software products and processes to be able to meet the quality requirements.
Those SQA criteria \cite{R22} have the goal to
\begin{itemize}
\item Enhance the visibility, accessibility and distribution of the produced source code through the alignment with to the Open Source Definition \cite{R23}.
\item Promote code style standards to deliver good quality source code emphasizing its readability and reusability.
\item Improve the quality and reliability of software by covering different testing methods at development and pre-production stages.
\item Propose a change-based driven scenario where all new updates in the source code are continuously evaluated by the automated execution of the relevant tests.
\item Adopt an agile approach to effectively produce timely and audience-specific documentation.
\item Lower the barriers of software adoption by delivering quality documentation and the utilization of automated deployment solutions.
\item Encourage secure coding practices and security static analysis at the development phase while providing recommendations on external security assessment.
\end{itemize}
\section{Software Maintenance and Support}
Regarding the software maintenance and support area of the software lifecycle management,
the main objectives that should be and described in the Maintenance plan are:
\begin{itemize}
\item To increase the quality levels of the software by contributing to the implementation and automation
of the Quality Assurance (QA) and Control procedures defined by the project.
\item To boost the software delivery process, relying on automation.
\item To emphasize the communication and feedback with/from end users, in order to guarantee adequate
requirements gathering and support.
\item To guarantee the stability of services already deployed in production and the increase of their readiness
levels, where needed.
\end{itemize}
Moreover the common practices deal with the definition of those processes and procedures related to the software maintenance and
support and their continuous execution:
\begin{itemize}
\item Software Maintenance - regarding software preparation \& transition from the developers to production
repositories and final users.
\item Problem Management - providing the analysis \& documentation of problems.
\item Change Management - control code, configuration changes, retirement calendars.
\item Coordination the provisioning of adequate support to released software.
\item Responsible for the release management and coordination and the maintenance of the artifacts
repositories, defining policies and release cycles.
\end{itemize}
The plan regarding the software maintenance and support management have to follow the guidelines of the
ISO/IEC 14764:2006 standard \cite{R30}, and includes a set of organizational and administrative roles to handle
maintenance implementation, change management and validation, software release, migration and retirement, support
and helpdesk activities.
Component releases are classified in major, minor, revision and emergency, based on the impact of the changes on the
component interface and behavior. Requests for Change (RfC) are managed adopting a priority-driven approach,
so that the risk of compromising the stability of the software deployed in a production environment is minimized.
The User Support activity deals, instead, with the coordination of the support to the users that make use of the software components (developed within the project activities) and included in the main project software distributions.
\section{Services for continuous integration and SQA}
To support the Software Quality Assurance, the
Continuous Integration and the software release and maintenance activities, a set of tools and services are needed.
Usually, those tools and services are provided by using publicly available cloud services due to the following reasons:
\begin{itemize}
\item Higher public visibility and in line with project objectives for open source software,
\item Provides a path to further development, support and exploitation beyond the end of the project,
\item Smaller effort needed inside the project to operate and manage those services.
\end{itemize}
The list of services needed is given in Table 1 with a small description for each service and the related Web link.
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
Table 1: Tools and services to support DevOps.
\includegraphics[width=10cm,clip]{CI-tools.png}
%\caption{The list of services.}
\label{citools}
\end{figure}
\section{Key Performance Indicators}
Defining appropriate KPIs for maintenance, release and support activities, and monitor them during the project lifetime
may help in highlight the project achievements and put in place the appropriate corrective actions in case of deviations.
In principle, the KPIs should address the following impact areas and reflect the related goal:
\begin{itemize}
\item Prepare data and computing e-Infrastructures to absorb the needs of communities that push the envelope in terms of data and intensive computing
\begin{itemize}
\item Goal: Extending the quality \& quantity of services provided by e-infrastructures
\end{itemize}
\item Promote new research possibilities in Europe
\begin{itemize}
\item Goal: Increasing the capacity for innovation and production of new knowledge
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\section{Conclusions}
The paper describes the common procedures to be applied in the field of software lifecycle management, aimed at managing
the new releases and ensure the quality of the provided solutions, services and components provided by the project.
In particular, the paper described the best practices to adopt in order to i) foster the quality and reliability of the software produced,
ii) to define the processes and procedures regarding the software maintenance and support, iii) identify the services needed
to support the Software Quality Assurance, the Continuous Integration and the software release and maintenance
and iv) define appropriate KPIs to monitor the project achievements.
The experience gathered throughout this activity with regards to
The adoption of different DevOps practices is becaming mandatory for software development projects,
the experience gathered throughout this activity can be also applicable to the development and distribution of software products coming, for example, from the user communities and other software product activities.
\section*{Acknowledgments}
DEEP-HybridDataCloud has been funded by the European Commission H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement RIA 777435.
eXtreme DataCloud has been funded by the European Commission H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement RIA 777367.
\section{References}
\begin{thebibliography}{}
\bibitem{xdc}
Web site: www.extreme-datacloud.eu
\bibitem{deep}
Web site: www.deep-hybrid-datacloud.eu
\bibitem{indigo}
Web site: www.indigo-datacloud.eu
\bibitem{nagios}
Web site: https://www.nagios.org
\bibitem{newrelic}
Web site: https://newrelic.com
\bibitem{sensu}
Web site: https://sensu.io
\bibitem{R18}
ISO/IEC 25010:2011, ``Systems and software engineering - Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) - System and software quality models'': https://www.iso.org/standard/35733.html
\bibitem{R22}
A set of Common Software Quality Assurance Baseline Criteria for Research Projects, http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/160086/4/CommonSQA-v2.pdf
\bibitem{R23}
The Open Source Definition, https://opensource.org/osd
\bibitem{R30}
ISO/IEC 14764:2006 standard, https://www.iso.org/standard/39064.html
\end{thebibliography}
\end{document}
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contributions/ds_eoschub/ds_eoschub.tex 0 → 100644
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\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{array}
\begin{document}
\title{EOSC-hub: contributions to project achievements}
\author{C. Duma$^1$, A. Costantini$^1$, D. Michelotto$^1$,
A. Ceccanti$^1$, E. Vianello $^1$, L. Morganti$^1$,
A. Fallabella$^1$, L. Dell'Agnello$^1$, D. Salomoni$^1$}
\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, IT}
\ead{ds@cnaf.infn.it}
\begin{abstract}
EOSC-hub is the H2020 EINFRA12 project submitted by a consortium of
74 partners under the coordination of EGI, EUDAT and INDIGO-DataCloud.
It brings together multiple service providers to create {\bf the Hub}: a single
contact point for European researchers and innovators to discover, access, use
and reuse a broad spectrum of resources for advanced data-driven research.
After a short description of the projects objectives and of its work-packages,
we present the various aspects of the CNAF contributions to the achievement of
this objectives.
\end{abstract}
\section{Introduction}
The EOSC-hub project creates the integration and management system of the future European
Open Science Cloud (EOSC) that delivers a catalogue of services, software and data from the EGI Federation,
EUDAT CDI, INDIGO-DataCloud and major research e-infrastructures. This integration and
management system (the Hub) builds on mature processes, policies and tools from the
leading European federated e-Infrastructures to cover the whole life-cycle of services,
from planning to delivery. The Hub aggregates services from local, regional and national
e-Infrastructures in Europe, Africa, Asia, Canada and South America.
The Hub acts as a single contact point for researchers and innovators to discover, access,
use and reuse a broad spectrum of resources for advanced data-driven research. Through
the virtual access mechanism, more scientific communities and users have access to services
supporting their scientific discovery and collaboration across disciplinary and geographical boundaries.
The project mission is to contribue to address the EOSC challenges/objectives implementing a number of actions:
\begin{itemize}
\item Increase the ability to {\bf exploit research data across scientific disciplines} and between the public and private sector, by:
\begin{itemize}
\item {\bf Publish, discover, access} services and resources for all scientific disciplines, defined and adopt {\bf a service
portfolio management process} activities and governance
\item {\bf Open} to national, regional, pan-European providers, and supports different exploitation models (e.g. free at point of use, commercial)
\item Build a Joint Digital Innovation Hub https://eosc-hub.eu/digital-innovation-hub
\end{itemize}
\item Support {\bf open science}, by:
\begin{itemize}
\item Offering services to share and discover research artefacts (datasets, software, notebooks) and research artefacts sources
\item Establish an EOSC-hub and OpenAIRE collaboration
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
a well as to contribute to the European Open Science Agenda:
\begin{itemize}
\item Develop research infrastructures for Open Science, by:
\begin{itemize}
\item making major data infrastructures available for dissemination and exploitation in Open Science. Data resources include: Copernicus, ESA/Landsat, ERS and Envisat/Meris datasets for earth observation; the CLARIN metadata infrastructure for Art and Humanities, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment data and its distributed processing infrastructure, EISCAT experimental data, the ELIXIR core data resources, et al.
\item providing well defined and non-discriminatory access modes for all researchers across all disciplines, following the G8 principles.
\item applying long-term, persistent care for a given resource by improving the stewardship from the funding agencies and the resource owners, through active maintenance of open science resources, such as certification of data repositories, and maintenance of training and education programmes to increase the amount and quality of knowledge held by the community on required topics such as data preservation, curation and sharing.
\end{itemize}
\item Enable data-intensive research in secured virtual environments for Open Science, by:
\begin{itemize}
\item enabling big data solutions in secured virtual environments to generate smart solutions for analysing complex data from different sources
\item defining and adopting a corpus of harmonised access and reuse policies for research infrastructures and e-Infrastructures, based on one market offering clear points of access and support
\end{itemize}
\item Mainstream Open Access to research results, by:
\begin{itemize}
\item offering services for research data discoverability, an application store where cloud virtual appliances can be freely registered and shared as research objects linked to publications, to be executed on a distributed cloud environment for repeatability of science
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\section{Project implementation and CNAF contributions}
\label{sec:first}
Following a service lifecycle approach, the EOSC-hub work packages are defined to support a service-oriented approach that covers the various stages of service management: from planning (left); integration, management and delivery (middle); and adoption (right) in Figure \ref{eoschub_wps}.
The {\bf Service Planning} WPs are devoted to collect requirements from new user communities and research collaborations, define and implement strategy and policies ({\bf WP2}), engage with stakeholders ({\bf WP3}), define appropriate business models and strategies and identify procurement frameworks ({\bf WP12}).
The {\bf Service Integration} WPs are devoted to service integration ({\bf WP5},{\bf WP6} and{\bf WP7}), maintenance and control ({\bf WP4}). {\bf WP10} is providing the technical coordination and consistency to these activities.
The {\bf Service Adoption} WPs include activities directed at pre-selected (via an open call during proposal preparation) to early adopters from research communities ({\bf WP8}) and the business world ({\bf WP9}). {\bf WP12} handles business model innovation and service procurement and purchase in order to provide access to all user categories targeted by the project. WP11 will manage a training programme to stimulate knowledge network and facilitate adoption. {\bf WP1} supports the overall project management and coordination, complemented by Technology Coordination, executed in {\bf WP10}.
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=15cm,clip]{eoschub_wps_2.png}
\caption{EOSC-hub project work-packages and their relationship}
\label{eoschub_wps}
\end{figure}
\subsection {CNAF contributions}
The main work-packages that see the involvement of the CNAF teams are:
\subsubsection {WP2 - Strategy and Business Development}
The work-package is dealing with the overall policy, business and service strategy of the project, and CNAF team is:
\begin{itemize}
\item contributing to the definition and management of the project strategy
\item managing the service roadmap, service portfolio and service catalogue, in collaboration with the Technology Committee
\item formulating policies to facilitate the sharing and safe processing of both open and restricted data from across European research infrastructures and promoting current models of good practice on the management of restricted data from around the EOSC-hub consortium.
\end{itemize}
\subsubsection {WP6 - Common Services: Integration and Maintenance}
This work package is maintaining and integrating the common services based on an evolving service catalogue, starting from an initial set of mature common services and technologies from the EGI, EUDAT and INDIGO service catalogues. It aims, among other, to maintain the high quality of the baseline and advanced common services from the evolving service catalogue according to a maintenance plan, ensure that these services are developing according to the requirements of users, thematic services and competence centres, and provide support and contribute to the documentation.
CNAF team is involved in particular in the task T6.1 ``Discovery and Access'', for the support of the INDIGO IAM service integration on request, e.g., with thematic services and testing according to the work plans defined by relevant competence centres. INDIGO IAM will act as attribute authority and IdP for the EOSC-hub federated AAI.
\subsubsection {WP7 - Thematic Services: Integration, maintenance and Exploitation}
The Thematic Services envisaged by the EOSC-hub project provide community-specific capabilities including research core data, data products, scientific software, and pipelines from 18 international research collaborations and infrastructures: CLARIN, CMS, DARIAH, ELIXIR, EISCAT, EIDA, ENES, EPOS, GEOSS, ICOS, ITER, IFREMER and SeaDataNet, LifeWatch, LNEC, LOFAR, ICOS, WeNMR, and earth observation data from Copernicus, ESA and Envisat missions. The work-package, through its different tasks, aims to vertically integrate thematic services with common components, to foster their deployment and operation, to enable users access to the respective services and to integrate monitoring and accounting systems in these thematic services.
In particular, the CNAF team is involved in the {\bf T7.2 - DODAS TS (Dynamic On Demand Analysis Service)}\cite{dodas} that provides the end-user with an automated system that simplifies the process of provisioning, creating, managing and accessing a pool of heterogeneous (possibly opportunistic) computing resources, as described in Figure \ref{dodas}. The work in this task regards the support to a wider range of infrastructure providers improving the following features through the integration with EOSC-hub: Data Management, Data Caching, PaaS level cross-site cluster deployment, Web User interface, Authentication and Authorisation and Accounting.
DODAS is an open-source Platform-as-a-Service tool which allows to deploy software applications over heterogeneous and hybrid clouds. It instantiates on-demand container-based clusters through Apache Mesos \cite{mesos} and it offers a high level of abstraction to users, allowing to exploit any cloud infrastructure with almost zero effort, since it requires a very limited knowledge of the underlying technical details.
During 2018 a lot of effort has been spent on supporting communities. Several initiatives in this respect required support form DODAS team:
\begin{itemize}
\item AMS did scale tests during a couple of weeks, using:
\begin{itemize}
\item 1.5K cores. about 200k jobs run producing about 20TB of output data.
\item Input Data read from EOS at CERN and produced data moved to CNAF through a third party copy mechanism
\item integrated Cache in AMS data analysis workflow (with DODAS)
\item collected feedback for improvements such as: AuthN/Z based on GSI (certificates from JWT), improve remote access (e.g. introducing CCB), improve CVMFS server management.
\item Overall very successful testing and usage.
\end{itemize}
\item CERN CMS-OpenData :
\begin{itemize}
\item from a design to a first test. End to End validation. Provided support for design integration and implementation.
\item Results will be presented at CMS Offline and Computing week
\item Document report provided by a CERN summer student
\end{itemize}
\item work regarding BigData platform for Machine Learning as a Service
\begin{itemize}
\item initially focussed on the inference and data reduction part. Integrating respectively the TFaaS of CMS and the Spark (which was already available)
\item followed by activities on Training part. Model training is trying to get all the available results/services/APIs from DEEP-HybridDataCloud project\cite{deep}
\end{itemize}
\item Finalised Onedata\cite{onedata} scale and validation tests. A long running exercise was done with latest onedata release rc11 in order to provide a comprehensive summary of performances evaluations.
\item Concluded the Google cloud integration, exploiting a third parity grant
\begin{itemize}
\item integration was done successfully
\item basic validation concluded with positive results.
\item validation has been carried on with all use cases supported by DODAS (AMS and CMS)
\item both workflow based on cache usage (xcache) and without have been validated.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=15cm,clip]{dodas_ar.png}
\caption{High level schema of the DODAS architecture}
\label{dodas}
\end{figure}
\subsubsection {WP10 - Technical Coordination}
The work-package main objectives are to define the technical roadmap, with external and internal input from user and service providers requirements, existing and planned services, technologies, standards, frameworks; to contribute to external standardisation bodies and relevant initiatives; to define the criteria for inclusion of new services into the catalogue and assessing conformance and to identify solutions to community requirements and lead their integration into the service portfolio.
Main CNAF team contributions to this work-package are in:
\begin{itemize}
\item Task T10.1 - Technical roadmap, that is dealing with definition, maintenance and enforcement of the technical roadmap, defining and maintaining the overall service architecture of the services of the EOSC Hub portfolio, by being part of different technological groups driving the activities of respective technological areas like:
\begin{itemize}
\item AAI - that oversees the technical development in the AAI area, in particular supporting one of the Community AAI service - the INDIGO-IAM
\item Software Quality Area - working on the definition of: best practices for services deployment and interoperability checks, software release, support and management
\end{itemize}
\item Task T10.2 - Service Catalogue Technical Evolution, that is defining the project's Rules of Engagement (RoE), including guidelines, policies and procedures to assess the conformance of services to the RoE and to the FAIR principles. This task is also monitoring the evolution of reference standards (and contribute where relevant) and track the evolution of the main software technologies in the Open Source communities. CNAF is participating in the RDAs' Software Source Code Identification Working Group that is bringing together a broad panel of stakeholders directly involved in software identification, working to define concrete recommendations for the academic community to ensure that the solutions that will be adopted by the academic players are compatible with each other and especially with the software development practice of tens of millions of developers worldwide.
\item Task T10.3 - Community Requirement Analysis and Technical, analysing the requirements collected by the other work packages and provide support to all the user communities engaged before or during the project, including also Thematic Services, Competence Centres and Joint Digital Innovation Hubs, in particular during their starting phase. CNAF team is in particular involved in the technical support team of the DODAS Thematic Service.
\end{itemize}
\subsubsection {WP13 - Access Provisioning}
This WP manages the Virtual Access to services of the EOSC-hub catalogue in the following four categories: Common Services, Thematic Services, Collaborative Services and Federation Services. In the context of this WP, CNAF is participating providing the Virtual Access installation for the DODAS Thematic Service. Some of the metrics showing the 2018 contributions are presented in Table \ref{tab:1}.
\begin{table}[ht]
\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{\begin{tabular}{|l|c|l|l|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Metric Name} & \multicolumn{1}{l|}{\textbf{Baseline}} & \textbf{Description} & \textbf{Period 1 (M3-8)} & \textbf{Period 2 (M9-17)} \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}Usage: CPU time and storage \\ consumed by DODAS \\ at CNAF\end{tabular} & 0 & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}CNAF resources made \\ available for the TS.\\ Data will be collected both from \\ the DODAS monitoring system \\ and accounting at two sites. \\ (These are new resources, \\ installed and configured for\\ the EOSC-hub project)\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}``CPU Hours'': 308068.78, \\ ``Disk GB-Hours'': 5986141.3 \\ Value taken from the underling \\ Openstack Provider.\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}``CPU Hours'': 541744.2, \\ ``Disk GB-Hours'': 9798183.68\end{tabular} \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}Usage: Total Number \\ of Cluster deployments\end{tabular} & 0 & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}Number of cluster \\ deployments made through\\ the DODAS Core Services. \\ Metric will be based on the \\ deployments registered on \\ the DODAS PaaS Orchestrator \\ and Infrastructure Manager\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}622 distinct cluster deployments. \\ Value taken from IM Database\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}1084 distinct cluster \\ deployments\end{tabular} \\ \hline
\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}Visits: number of visit/request \\ to the DODAS core services\end{tabular} & 0 & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}Number of people registered \\ in the DODAS-IAM service\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}31 ``Number of people registered\\ in the DODAS-IAM service.''\end{tabular} & 56 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}}
\caption{Metrics regarding CNAF contribution as the main DODAS Virtual Access infrastructure}
\label{tab:1}
\end{table}
\section{Conclusions}
After the activities of the first project year that mainly see the organisation of the various technological groups, the collection of the requirements regarding the services developed and\/or supported by INFN, the deployment and operation of the DODAS Thematic Service, the following year will continue with the work on the definition and consolidation of the EOSC Hub Technical Roadmap, the Technical Architecture and standards roadmap, enhance the DODAS user community and integrate it into the EOSC-hub production environment. Also many training activities are foreseen both for the services nuder the development of the CNAF team, as well as for the DODAS TS.
\section*{Acknowledgments}
EOSC-hub has been funded by the European Commission H2020 research and innovation
program under grant agreement RIA 777536.
\section{References}
\begin{thebibliography}{}
\bibitem{dodas}
DODAS: https://dodas-ts.github.io/dodas-doc/
\bibitem{mesos}
Web site: https://open.mesosphere.com/
\bibitem{deep}
Web site: https://deep-hybrid-datacloud.eu/
\bibitem{onedata}
Web site: https://onedata.org/
\bibitem{rda}
Web site: https://www.rd-alliance.org/groups/software-source-code-identification-wg
\end{thebibliography}
\end{document}
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\relax
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{1}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2}Activities and Achievements}{2}}
\newlabel{sec:activities}{{2}{2}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1}Interoperability pilots: Transparent Networking}{2}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2}Interoperability pilots: Grid-Cloud interoperability demonstrator for HEP community}{2}}
\newlabel{fig:1}{{1}{3}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3}Interoperability pilots: AAI}{3}}
\newlabel{fig:2}{{2}{4}}
\newlabel{fig:3}{{3}{5}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4}Data Interoperability Demonstrators}{5}}
\newlabel{fig:4}{{4}{6}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3}Other activities}{6}}
\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4}Conclusions}{6}}
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\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}
\title{EOSCpilot: Interoperability Interim results}
\author{C. Duma$^1$, A. Costantini$^1$, D. Michelotto$^1$,
A. Ceccanti$^1$, E. Fattibene $^1$ and D. Salomoni$^1$}
\address{$^1$INFN Division CNAF, Bologna, Italy}
\ead{ds@cnaf.infn.it}
\begin{abstract}
The EOSCpilot project is the first project in the entire EOSC programme, tasked
with exploring some of the scientific, technical and cultural challenges that need
to be addressed in the deployment of the EOSC. The EOSCpilot project has been funded
to support the first phase in the development of the European Open Science Cloud
(EOSC). In this paper we present a summary of the second year activities results
in the field of interoperability containing the first results of the validation
of services and demonstrators in the interoperability testbeds and the revised
interoperability requirements derived from these activities.
\end{abstract}
\section{Introduction}
The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) programme aims to deliver an Open Data
Science Environment that federates existing scientific data infrastructures to
offer European science and technology researchers and practitioners seamless
access to services for storage, management, analysis and re-use of research data
presently restricted by geographic borders and scientific disciplines.
In the framework of the EOSCpilot, WP6, "Interoperability", aims to develop and
demonstrate the interoperability requirements between e-Infrastructures,
domain research infrastructures and other service providers needed in the
European Open Science Cloud. It provides solutions, based on analysis of existing
and planned assets and techniques, to the challenge of interoperability.
Two aspects of interoperability are taken into consideration: {\bf Data interoperability},
ensuring that data can be discovered accessed and used according to the FAIR
principles, and {\bf Service interoperability}, ensuring that services operated
within different infrastructures can interchange and interwork.
In the framework of the EOSCpilot project INFN, and in particular CNAF is the
coordinator of the activities of the task T6.3 - “Interoperability pilots
(service implementation, integration, validation, provisioning for Science
Demonstrators)â€.
One of the project's main Objectives related to WP6 is to:
\begin{itemize}
\item “Develop a number of pilots that integrate services and infrastructures
to demonstrate interoperability in a number of scientific domainsâ€
\end{itemize}
mapped into some specific Objectives addressed by the T6.3 task:
\begin{itemize}
\item Validating the compliance of services provided by WP5, "Services",
with specifications and requirements defined by the Science Demonstrators in WP4,
"Science Demonstrators"
\item Defining and setting up distributed Interoperability Pilots, involving
multiple infrastructures, providers and scientific communities, with the purpose
of validating the WP5 service portfolio.
\end{itemize}
\section{Activities and Achievements}
\label{sec:activities}
During 2018 the main activities coordinated by INFN-CNAF were:
\begin{itemize}
\item Support the setup of the Science Demonstrator pilots, following their
interoperability requirements and matching them again with available services and solutions
\item Setup of different pilot addressing different interoperability aspects:
\begin{itemize}
\item Transparent Networking – PiCo2 (Pilot for COnnection between COmputing centers)
\item Grid and Cloud interoperability – pilot demonstrator for one of the HEP experiments
\item AAI – through the setup of a scoped interoperability pilot as part of the
WLCG Authorization WG, AARC and EOSCpilot collaboration
\item Resource Brokering \& orchestration – leveraging INDIGO-DataCloud solutions
\item Data accessibility \& interoperability of underlying storage systems –
distributed Onedata deployment
\end{itemize}
\item Continuous interaction and communication with Science Demonstrators shepherds
in order to collect eventual new requirements result of the activities done in the
implementation of the SDs specific use cases.
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Interoperability pilots: Transparent Networking}
The {\bf PiCO2 (Pilot for COnnecting COmputing centers)} is one of the first
interoperability pilots between generic, community agnostic, infrastructures,
especially Tier 1 (National HPC/HTC centers), and Tier 2 (HPC/HTC regional centers).
Its main objective is the automation of frequent, community agnostic, data flow
(many large files) and code exchange between HPC (National, Regional) and HTC (national, grid) infrastructures
During 2018 technical groups have been set up:
\begin{itemize}
\item one for building a network of peer to peer federations between iRODS zones
(data storage service), between Tier 1 \& Tier 2, between Tier 2, and between Tier 2 and the grid
\item one for connecting the infrastructures within a L3VPN network and
monitoring the performance of the network between sites
\item one for facilitating the mobility and use of codes between different
machines, using containers, packages for configuration management, and notebooks
\end{itemize}
In Figure~\ref{fig:1} we see the current status of the project with the sites involved.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=12cm,clip]{pico2_anrep2018.png}
\caption{PiCO2 Layer 3 VPN}
\label{fig:1}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Interoperability pilots: Grid-Cloud interoperability demonstrator
for HEP community}
Dynamic On Demand Analysis Service (DODAS) is a Platform as a Service tool built
combining several solutions and products developed by the INDIGO-DataCloud H2020
project. It has been extensively tested on a dedicated interoperability testbed
under the umbrella of the EOSCpilot project, during the first year of the project.
Although originally designed for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Experiment at
LHC, DODAS has been quickly adopted by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS)
astroparticle physics experiment mounted on the ISS as a solution to exploit
opportunistic computing, nowadays an extremely important topic for research
domains where computing needs constantly increase. Given its flexibility and
efficiency, DODAS was selected as one of the Thematic Services that will provide
multi-disciplinary solutions in the EOSC-hub project. An integration and management
system of the European Open Science Cloud starting in January 2018.
During the integration pilot the usage of any cloud (both public and private)
to seamlessly integrate existing Grid computing model of CMS was demonstrated.
Overall, integration has been successful and much experience has been gained
resulting in improved understanding of weaknesses and aspects to improve and to optimise.
Weaknesses, and aspects to be improved include:
\begin{itemize}
\item Federation: federated access to underlying IaaS is a key. So far we ha€™ve
experienced several issues. Frequently we had issues with the IaaS provider
already using OpenID Connect Authorisation Server and thus unable to federate
additional services. We adopted ESACO solution to solve such a problem. It
would be crucial to have it as a EOSC provided service.
\begin{itemize}
\item for non-proprietary IaaSs would be extremely important in the EOSC
landscape. A scenario where, as example, a commercial cloud is used, would
benefit of such functionality for counting the overall HEPSpec .
\end{itemize}
\item Transparent Data Access: so far the only scalable solution we can use is
XrootD . However, this might not fit all possible use cases. A more generic
solution would be a big plus.
\item Resource monitoring: we didn'€™t find a common solution for monitoring
cloud resources. Although we implemented our own we are convinced that a
common strategy would be extremely valuable.
\item PaaS Orchestration: Although the current INDIGO PaaS Orchestrator has
been fully integrated and show enormous advantages while dealing with multiple
IaaSs, there is room for improvement both in the interface and in the management
of IaaS ranking.
\end{itemize}
\subsection{Interoperability pilots: AAI}
The EOSCpilot and AARC (add reference) projects started a collaboration activity
in the field of authorisation and authentication, policies and recommendations
regarding their design, that took shape, in the scope of the WP6 activities,
under the form of an AAI interoperability demonstrator setup as part of the
AARC pilots Task 1: {\bf Pilots with research communities based on use cases
provided - the WLCG use case}, regarding the {\it “Implementation of IdP/SP Proxy,
mainly to provide Token Translation Services to allow end users to login without
the need of manually managing X.509 certificates}. A team of people was formed,
under the WLCG coordination, to deal with the various activities, the {\bf WLCG
Authorisation WorkingGroup (WG)}, motivated by:
\begin{itemize}
\item Evolving Identity Landscape
\begin{itemize}
\item User-owned x509 certificates -> Federated Identities
\item Federated Identities linkage with existing VOMS authorisations not supported
\item Maintaining assurance and identity vetting for federated users not supported
\end{itemize}
\item Central User Blocking
\begin{itemize}
\item Retirement of glexec removes blocking capability (\& traceability)
\item VO-level blocking not a realistic sanction
\end{itemize}
\item Data Protection
\begin{itemize}
\item Tightening of data protection (GDPR) requires fine-grained user level
access control
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
The federated identities and the adoption of new authorisation standards by industry
is a strong signal for WLCG to adapt its authorisation infrastructure, of which
we can see the schema in Figure~\ref{fig:2}.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=12cm,clip]{aai_anrepo2018.png}
\caption{WLCG AAI system}
\label{fig:2}
\end{figure}
After an initial requirements gathering , and analysis of how existing solutions
functionalities match the requirements , two main activities started:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Design and testing of a WLCG Membership Management and Token Translation
service, facilitated by pilot projects with the support of AARC (AAI Pilot Projects)
\item Definition of a token based authorization schema for downstream WLCG
services and token issuers (JWT)
\end{enumerate}
The activities done during 2018 regarded the:
\begin{itemize}
\item IAM instance deployed @ INFN-CNAF since January 2018 to showcase
main features and integration capabilities of the INDIGO-IAM service (figure~\ref{fig:3})
\begin{itemize}
\item https://wlcg-authz-wg.cloud.cnaf.infn.it/login
\end{itemize}
\item The migration of this deployment to CERN infrastructure for further
validation \& feedback on
\begin{itemize}
\item RCAuth.eu and CERN HR database integration
\item Registration \& administration management functionality
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=8cm,clip]{aai_2_anrepo2018.png}
\caption{INDIGO-IAM service architecture}
\label{fig:3}
\end{figure}
\subsection{Data Interoperability Demonstrators}
One of the two tracks into which interoperability is mapped in the EOSCpilot WP6
is the Research and Data Interoperability track, task T6.2 that provides the research
infrastructure and domain expert view in the work programme with focus on data
interoperability.
T6.2 aims to {\bf establish principles and develop mechanisms} that enable the EOSC to
provide research and data interoperability across the diversity of existing
(and potential future) research communities, research infrastructures and
other research organisations. It
\begin{itemize}
\item analyses the existing interoperation mechanisms for
data, software components, workflows, users and resource access with particular
attention to the use of standards and their syntactic and semantic representations.
\item provides the knowledge management framework - the content descriptions -
consumed by the services established in WP5 and technical interoperability
defined in task 6.1 and 6.3.
\item gathers requirements from the participating RIs and science partners
\item is organised following the FAIR principles, and address the
Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability of research assets.
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=12cm,clip]{t6_2_anrepo2018.png}
\caption{Data Interoperability activities plan}
\label{fig:4}
\end{figure}
After the delivery of the first draft of the strategy and recommendations done in
2017 and beginning of 2018, four data interoperability demonstrators have been
proposed to test components of the strategy:
\begin{itemize}
\item Evaluation of the EDMI (EOSC Datasets Minimum Information) metadata guidelines to find and access datasets 

\item Discovery of compliant data resources and metadata catalogues 

\item Research schemas for exposing dataset metadata 

\item Description and guidelines per metadata property 

\end{itemize}
Our role during 2018 was to:
\begin{itemize}
\item Facilitate \& Support through
\begin{itemize}
\item Integration of the feedback from demonstrators into the
EOSCpilot data interoperability strategy
\item Organisation of phone calls, F2F meetings and other events to help delivering the proposed tasks
\item Track the outcomes produced by the data interoperability demonstrators
\item Promote the activities and results of the demonstrators and work on
ways to recognise the contribution of the demonstrator participants.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\section{Other activities}
During 2018 we contributed also to the writing of two of the project deliverables
summarizing the activities done:
\begin{itemize}
\item {\bf D6.5: Interim Interoperability Testbed report} - highlighting
the status of all Science Demonstrators testbeds and activities, most of them
in line with what planned initially, some of them requiring extensions in order
to finalise the work.
\item {\bf D6.7: Revised Requirements of the Interoperability Testbeds} - providing
an updated picture of the different actors involved in the EOSCpilot project,
that, through their activities, aim in shaping the EOSC environment,
improving the services and e-infrastructures it consists of, and also provide
requirements and recommendations, based on the experiences they gained during
the project, to help in the prioritisation of the new features of the existing
services and of the development of new services that are aligned with the needs
and expectations of researchers.
\end{itemize}
\section{Conclusions}
After the collection of the initial requirements on the interoperability testbeds,
reported in deliverable D6.4, at the end of 2017, the activities continued on
supporting the projects Science Demonstrators and an interim report on the
status of the testbeds was provided in the D6.5 deliverable. In the second part
of the project after the first round of selected Science Demonstrators were almost
at the end of their activities, while the second round was at the beginning, an
updated list of requirements regarding interoperability aspects was provided in
the deliverable D6.7.
The activities of the Interoperability Pilots task will be concluded during the first part of 2019
by providing the validation of the e-infrastructures and services deployed. For this
final assessment we will take into considerations the tools/services developed as
part of other EC projects to implement the interoperability aspects, e.g. the
Interoperability (IOP) Quick Assessment Toolkit (add reference), developed in the
context of Action 2.1 of the Interoperability Solutions for European Public
Administrations (ISA) Programme (add reference)
\section*{Acknowledgments}
EOSCpilot has been funded by the European Commission H2020 research and innovation
program under grant agreement RIA 739563.
\end{document}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%
% abbreviations for IOPP journals
%
\newcommand{\CQG}{{\it Class. Quantum Grav.} }
\newcommand{\CTM}{{\it Combust. Theory Modelling\/} }
\newcommand{\DSE}{{\it Distrib. Syst. Engng\/} }
\newcommand{\EJP}{{\it Eur. J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\HPP}{{\it High Perform. Polym.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\IP}{{\it Inverse Problems\/} }
\newcommand{\JHM}{{\it J. Hard Mater.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\JO}{{\it J. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JOA}{{\it J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JOB}{{\it J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JPA}{{\it J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.} }
\newcommand{\JPB}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys.} } %1968-87
\newcommand{\jpb}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.} } %1988 and onwards
\newcommand{\JPC}{{\it J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys.} } %1968--1988
\newcommand{\JPCM}{{\it J. Phys.: Condens. Matter\/} } %1989 and onwards
\newcommand{\JPD}{{\it J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JPE}{{\it J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum.} }
\newcommand{\JPF}{{\it J. Phys. F: Met. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JPG}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys.} } %1975--1988
\newcommand{\jpg}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.} } %1989 and onwards
\newcommand{\MSMSE}{{\it Modelling Simulation Mater. Sci. Eng.} }
\newcommand{\MST}{{\it Meas. Sci. Technol.} } %1990 and onwards
\newcommand{\NET}{{\it Network: Comput. Neural Syst.} }
\newcommand{\NJP}{{\it New J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\NL}{{\it Nonlinearity\/} }
\newcommand{\NT}{{\it Nanotechnology} }
\newcommand{\PAO}{{\it Pure Appl. Optics\/} }
\newcommand{\PM}{{\it Physiol. Meas.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\PMB}{{\it Phys. Med. Biol.} }
\newcommand{\PPCF}{{\it Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion\/} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\PSST}{{\it Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\PUS}{{\it Public Understand. Sci.} }
\newcommand{\QO}{{\it Quantum Opt.} }
\newcommand{\QSO}{{\em Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\RPP}{{\it Rep. Prog. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\SLC}{{\it Sov. Lightwave Commun.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\SST}{{\it Semicond. Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\SUST}{{\it Supercond. Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\WRM}{{\it Waves Random Media\/} }
\newcommand{\JMM}{{\it J. Micromech. Microeng.\/} }
%
% Other commonly quoted journals
%
\newcommand{\AC}{{\it Acta Crystallogr.} }
\newcommand{\AM}{{\it Acta Metall.} }
\newcommand{\AP}{{\it Ann. Phys., Lpz.} }
\newcommand{\APNY}{{\it Ann. Phys., NY\/} }
\newcommand{\APP}{{\it Ann. Phys., Paris\/} }
\newcommand{\CJP}{{\it Can. J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JAP}{{\it J. Appl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JCP}{{\it J. Chem. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JJAP}{{\it Japan. J. Appl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JP}{{\it J. Physique\/} }
\newcommand{\JPhCh}{{\it J. Phys. Chem.} }
\newcommand{\JMMM}{{\it J. Magn. Magn. Mater.} }
\newcommand{\JMP}{{\it J. Math. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JOSA}{{\it J. Opt. Soc. Am.} }
\newcommand{\JPSJ}{{\it J. Phys. Soc. Japan\/} }
\newcommand{\JQSRT}{{\it J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer\/} }
\newcommand{\NC}{{\it Nuovo Cimento\/} }
\newcommand{\NIM}{{\it Nucl. Instrum. Methods\/} }
\newcommand{\NP}{{\it Nucl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\PL}{{\it Phys. Lett.} }
\newcommand{\PR}{{\it Phys. Rev.} }
\newcommand{\PRL}{{\it Phys. Rev. Lett.} }
\newcommand{\PRS}{{\it Proc. R. Soc.} }
\newcommand{\PS}{{\it Phys. Scr.} }
\newcommand{\PSS}{{\it Phys. Status Solidi\/} }
\newcommand{\PTRS}{{\it Phil. Trans. R. Soc.} }
\newcommand{\RMP}{{\it Rev. Mod. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\RSI}{{\it Rev. Sci. Instrum.} }
\newcommand{\SSC}{{\it Solid State Commun.} }
\newcommand{\ZP}{{\it Z. Phys.} }
%===================
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contributions/ds_eoscpilot/jpconf11.clo 0 → 100644
View file @ 4db4fefd
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\parsep 3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\itemsep \parsep}%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
}
\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viiipt{9.5}}
\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vipt\@viipt}
\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xivpt{18}}
\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{22}}
\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xxpt{25}}
\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxvpt{30}}
\let\Huge=\huge
\if@twocolumn
\setlength\parindent{14\p@}
\else
\setlength\parindent{18\p@}
\fi
\if@letterpaper%
%\input{letmarg.tex}%
\setlength{\hoffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparsep}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0mm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{160mm}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\voffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\headheight}{8mm}
\setlength{\headsep}{5mm}
\setlength{\footskip}{0mm}
\setlength{\textheight}{230mm}
\setlength{\topmargin}{1.6mm}
\else
%\input{a4marg.tex}%
\setlength{\hoffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparsep}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0mm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{160mm}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\voffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\headheight}{8mm}
\setlength{\headsep}{5mm}
\setlength{\footskip}{0mm}
\setlength{\textheight}{230mm}
\setlength{\topmargin}{1.6mm}
\fi
\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
\setlength\@maxdepth\maxdepth
\setlength\footnotesep{8.4\p@}
\setlength{\skip\footins} {10.8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
\setlength\floatsep {14\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\textfloatsep {24\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\intextsep {16\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\dblfloatsep {16\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{24\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
\setlength\@fpsep{10\p@ \@plus 1fil}
\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@}
\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
\setlength\@dblfpsep{10\p@ \@plus 1fil}
\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@}
\setlength\partopsep{3\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\parsep=\z@
\topsep=6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
\itemsep=3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus1\p@}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
\labelwidth\leftmarginii
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\topsep=3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\parsep=\z@
\itemsep=\parsep}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
\labelwidth\leftmarginiii
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\topsep=\z@
\parsep=\z@
\partopsep=\z@
\itemsep=\z@}
\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
\labelwidth\leftmarginiv
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
\labelwidth\leftmarginv
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
\labelwidth\leftmarginvi
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\endinput
%%
%% End of file `iopart12.clo'.
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contributions/ds_eoscpilot/pico2_anrep2018.png

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contributions/ds_eoscpilot/t6_2_anrepo2018.png 0 → 100644
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contributions/ds_infn_cc/artifact/ds_infn_cc.pdf 0 → 100644
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contributions/ds_infn_cc/artifact/iopams.sty 0 → 100644
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%%
%% This is file `iopams.sty'
%% File to include AMS fonts and extra definitions for bold greek
%% characters for use with iopart.cls
%%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{iopams}[1997/02/13 v1.0]
\RequirePackage{amsgen}[1995/01/01]
\RequirePackage{amsfonts}[1995/01/01]
\RequirePackage{amssymb}[1995/01/01]
\RequirePackage{amsbsy}[1995/01/01]
%
\iopamstrue % \newif\ifiopams in iopart.cls & iopbk2e.cls
% % allows optional text to be in author guidelines
%
% Bold lower case Greek letters
%
\newcommand{\balpha}{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}
\newcommand{\bbeta}{\boldsymbol{\beta}}
\newcommand{\bgamma}{\boldsymbol{\gamma}}
\newcommand{\bdelta}{\boldsymbol{\delta}}
\newcommand{\bepsilon}{\boldsymbol{\epsilon}}
\newcommand{\bzeta}{\boldsymbol{\zeta}}
\newcommand{\bfeta}{\boldsymbol{\eta}}
\newcommand{\btheta}{\boldsymbol{\theta}}
\newcommand{\biota}{\boldsymbol{\iota}}
\newcommand{\bkappa}{\boldsymbol{\kappa}}
\newcommand{\blambda}{\boldsymbol{\lambda}}
\newcommand{\bmu}{\boldsymbol{\mu}}
\newcommand{\bnu}{\boldsymbol{\nu}}
\newcommand{\bxi}{\boldsymbol{\xi}}
\newcommand{\bpi}{\boldsymbol{\pi}}
\newcommand{\brho}{\boldsymbol{\rho}}
\newcommand{\bsigma}{\boldsymbol{\sigma}}
\newcommand{\btau}{\boldsymbol{\tau}}
\newcommand{\bupsilon}{\boldsymbol{\upsilon}}
\newcommand{\bphi}{\boldsymbol{\phi}}
\newcommand{\bchi}{\boldsymbol{\chi}}
\newcommand{\bpsi}{\boldsymbol{\psi}}
\newcommand{\bomega}{\boldsymbol{\omega}}
\newcommand{\bvarepsilon}{\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}}
\newcommand{\bvartheta}{\boldsymbol{\vartheta}}
\newcommand{\bvaromega}{\boldsymbol{\varomega}}
\newcommand{\bvarrho}{\boldsymbol{\varrho}}
\newcommand{\bvarzeta}{\boldsymbol{\varsigma}} %NB really sigma
\newcommand{\bvarsigma}{\boldsymbol{\varsigma}}
\newcommand{\bvarphi}{\boldsymbol{\varphi}}
%
% Bold upright capital Greek letters
%
\newcommand{\bGamma}{\boldsymbol{\Gamma}}
\newcommand{\bDelta}{\boldsymbol{\Delta}}
\newcommand{\bTheta}{\boldsymbol{\Theta}}
\newcommand{\bLambda}{\boldsymbol{\Lambda}}
\newcommand{\bXi}{\boldsymbol{\Xi}}
\newcommand{\bPi}{\boldsymbol{\Pi}}
\newcommand{\bSigma}{\boldsymbol{\Sigma}}
\newcommand{\bUpsilon}{\boldsymbol{\Upsilon}}
\newcommand{\bPhi}{\boldsymbol{\Phi}}
\newcommand{\bPsi}{\boldsymbol{\Psi}}
\newcommand{\bOmega}{\boldsymbol{\Omega}}
%
% Bold versions of miscellaneous symbols
%
\newcommand{\bpartial}{\boldsymbol{\partial}}
\newcommand{\bell}{\boldsymbol{\ell}}
\newcommand{\bimath}{\boldsymbol{\imath}}
\newcommand{\bjmath}{\boldsymbol{\jmath}}
\newcommand{\binfty}{\boldsymbol{\infty}}
\newcommand{\bnabla}{\boldsymbol{\nabla}}
\newcommand{\bdot}{\boldsymbol{\cdot}}
%
% Symbols for caption
%
\renewcommand{\opensquare}{\mbox{$\square$}}
\renewcommand{\opentriangle}{\mbox{$\vartriangle$}}
\renewcommand{\opentriangledown}{\mbox{$\triangledown$}}
\renewcommand{\opendiamond}{\mbox{$\lozenge$}}
\renewcommand{\fullsquare}{\mbox{$\blacksquare$}}
\newcommand{\fulldiamond}{\mbox{$\blacklozenge$}}
\newcommand{\fullstar}{\mbox{$\bigstar$}}
\newcommand{\fulltriangle}{\mbox{$\blacktriangle$}}
\newcommand{\fulltriangledown}{\mbox{$\blacktriangledown$}}
\endinput
%%
%% End of file `iopams.sty'.
contributions/ds_infn_cc/artifact/jpconf.cls 0 → 100644
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\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesClass{jpconf}
[2007/03/07 v1.1
LaTeX class for Journal of Physics: Conference Series]
%\RequirePackage{graphicx}
\newcommand\@ptsize{1}
\newif\if@restonecol
\newif\if@letterpaper
\newif\if@titlepage
\newif\ifiopams
\@titlepagefalse
\@letterpaperfalse
\DeclareOption{a4paper}
{\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
\setlength\paperwidth {210mm}%
\@letterpaperfalse}
\DeclareOption{letterpaper}
{\setlength\paperheight {279.4mm}%
\setlength\paperwidth {215.9mm}%
\@letterpapertrue}
\DeclareOption{landscape}
{\setlength\@tempdima {\paperheight}%
\setlength\paperheight {\paperwidth}%
\setlength\paperwidth {\@tempdima}}
\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
\renewcommand\@ptsize{1}
%\ExecuteOptions{A4paper, twoside}
\ExecuteOptions{A4paper}
\ProcessOptions
\DeclareMathAlphabet{\bi}{OML}{cmm}{b}{it}
\DeclareMathAlphabet{\bcal}{OMS}{cmsy}{b}{n}
\input{jpconf1\@ptsize.clo}
\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
\@lowpenalty 51
\@medpenalty 151
\@highpenalty 301
\setlength\parindent{5mm}
\setcounter{topnumber}{8}
\renewcommand\topfraction{1}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{3}
\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.99}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{8}
\renewcommand\textfraction{0.01}
\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.8}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{6}
\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{1}
\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.8}
\renewcommand{\title}{\@ifnextchar[{\@stitle}{\@ftitle}}
\pretolerance=5000
\tolerance=8000
% Headings for all pages apart from first
%
\def\ps@headings{%
\let\@oddfoot\@empty
\let\@evenfoot\@empty
\let\@oddhead\@empty
\let\@evenhead\@empty
%\def\@evenhead{\thepage\hfil\itshape\rightmark}%
%\def\@oddhead{{\itshape\leftmark}\hfil\thepage}%
%\def\@evenhead{{\itshape Journal of Physics: Conference Series}\hfill}%
%\def\@oddhead{\hfill {\itshape Journal of Physics: Conference Series}}%%
\let\@mkboth\markboth
\let\sectionmark\@gobble
\let\subsectionmark\@gobble}
%
% Headings for first page
%
\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty
\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\let\sectionmark\@gobble
\let\subsectionmark\@gobble}
%
\def\@stitle[#1]#2{\markboth{#1}{#1}%
%\pagestyle{empty}%
\thispagestyle{myheadings}
\vspace*{25mm}{\exhyphenpenalty=10000\hyphenpenalty=10000
%\Large
\fontsize{18bp}{24bp}\selectfont\bf\raggedright\noindent#2\par}}
\def\@ftitle#1{\markboth{#1}{#1}%
\thispagestyle{myheadings}
%\pagestyle{empty}%
\vspace*{25mm}{\exhyphenpenalty=10000\hyphenpenalty=10000
%\Large\raggedright\noindent\bf#1\par}
\fontsize{18bp}{24bp}\selectfont\bf\noindent\raggedright#1\par}}
%AUTHOR
\renewcommand{\author}{\@ifnextchar[{\@sauthor}{\@fauthor}}
\def\@sauthor[#1]#2{\markright{#1} % for production only
\vspace*{1.5pc}%
\begin{indented}%
\item[]\normalsize\bf\raggedright#2
\end{indented}%
\smallskip}
\def\@fauthor#1{%\markright{#1} for production only
\vspace*{1.5pc}%
\begin{indented}%
\item[]\normalsize\bf\raggedright#1
\end{indented}%
\smallskip}
%E-MAIL
\def\eads#1{\vspace*{5pt}\address{E-mail: #1}}
\def\ead#1{\vspace*{5pt}\address{E-mail: \mailto{#1}}}
\def\mailto#1{{\tt #1}}
%ADDRESS
\newcommand{\address}[1]{\begin{indented}
\item[]\rm\raggedright #1
\end{indented}}
\newlength{\indentedwidth}
\newdimen\mathindent
\mathindent = 6pc
\indentedwidth=\mathindent
% FOOTNOTES
%\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
% \kern-3\p@
% \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
% \kern2.6\p@}
%\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
% \parindent 1em%
% \noindent
% \hb@xt@1.8em{\hss\@makefnmark}#1}
% Footnotes: symbols selected in same order as address indicators
% unless optional argument of [<num>] use to specify required symbol,
% 1=\dag, 2=\ddag, etc
% Usage: \footnote{Text of footnote}
% \footnote[3]{Text of footnote}
%
\def\footnoterule{}%
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent
\makebox[1em][l]{\footnotesize\rm$\m@th{\fnsymbol{footnote}}$}%
\footnotesize\rm #1}
\def\@makefnmark{\normalfnmark}
\def\normalfnmark{\hbox{${\fnsymbol{footnote}}\m@th$}}
\def\altfnmark{\hbox{$^{\rm Note}\ {\fnsymbol{footnote}}\m@th$}}
\def\footNote#1{\let\@makefnmark\altfnmark\footnote{#1}\let\@makefnmark\normalfnmark}
\def\@thefnmark{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
\def\footnote{\protect\pfootnote}
\def\pfootnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\stepcounter{\@mpfn}%
\begingroup\let\protect\noexpand
\xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\endgroup
\@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
\def\@xfootnote[#1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}%
\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
\newcommand\ftnote{\protect\pftnote}
\newcommand\pftnote[1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}%
\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
\newcommand{\fnm}[1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}\footnotetext}
\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifnum\thefootnote=99\hbox{*}\else^{\thefootnote}\fi\relax}
%
% Address marker
%
\newcommand{\ad}[1]{\noindent\hbox{$^{#1}$}\relax}
\newcommand{\adnote}[2]{\noindent\hbox{$^{#1,}$}\setcounter{footnote}{#2}%
\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
\def\@tnote{}
\newcounter{oldftnote}
\newcommand{\tnote}[1]{*\gdef\@tnote{%
\setcounter{oldftnote}{\c@footnote}%
\setcounter{footnote}{99}%
\footnotetext{#1}%
\setcounter{footnote}{\c@oldftnote}\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}}}
%==================
% Acknowledgments (no heading if letter)
% Usage \ack for Acknowledgments, \ackn for Acknowledgement
\def\ack{\section*{Acknowledgments}}
\def\ackn{\section*{Acknowledgment}}
%SECTION DEFINITIONS
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\newcounter {section}
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
\renewcommand \thesection {\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
%\nosections
\def\nosections{\vspace{30\p@ plus12\p@ minus12\p@}
\noindent\ignorespaces}
%\renewcommand{\@startsection}[6]
%{%
%\if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
%\par
% \@tempskipa #4\relax
%%\@tempskipa 0pt\relax
% \@afterindenttrue
% \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
% \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
% \fi
% \if@nobreak
% \everypar{}%
% \else
% \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
% \fi
% \@ifstar
% {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
% {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
%\renewcommand{\@sect}[8]{%
% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
% \let\@svsec\@empty
% \else
% \refstepcounter{#1}%
% \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
% \fi
% \@tempskipa #5\relax
% \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
% \begingroup
% #6{%
% \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
% \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
% \endgroup
% \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
% \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
% \fi
% #7}%
% \else
% \def\@svsechd{%
% #6{\hskip #3\relax
% \@svsec #8}%
% \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
% \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
% \fi
% #7}}%
% \fi
% \@xsect{#5}}
%\renewcommand{\@xsect}[1]{%
% \@tempskipa #1\relax
% \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
% \par \nobreak
% \vskip \@tempskipa
% \@afterheading
% \else
% \@nobreakfalse
% \global\@noskipsectrue
% \everypar{%
% \if@noskipsec
% \global\@noskipsecfalse
% {\setbox\z@\lastbox}%
% \clubpenalty\@M
% \begingroup \@svsechd \endgroup
% \unskip
% \@tempskipa #1\relax
% \hskip -\@tempskipa
% \else
% \clubpenalty \@clubpenalty
% \everypar{}%
% \fi}%
% \fi
% \ignorespaces}
%========================================================================
\newcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{1sp}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries\raggedright}}
\newcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{1sp}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape\raggedright}}
\newcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{-1em \@plus .2em}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
\newcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
{-1em}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
\newcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}%
{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
{-1em}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
\let\@svsec\@empty\else
\refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname. }\fi
\@tempskipa #5\relax
\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
\begingroup #6\relax
\noindent{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}%
\endgroup
\csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
#7}\else
\def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\relax %% \relax added 2 May 90
\@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname
{#7}\addcontentsline
{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
#7}}\fi
\@xsect{#5}}
%
\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
\begingroup #4\noindent{\hskip #1}{\interlinepenalty \@M #5\par}\endgroup
\else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5}\fi
\@xsect{#3}}
% LIST DEFINITIONS
\setlength\leftmargini {2em}
\leftmargin \leftmargini
\setlength\leftmarginii {2em}
\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.8em}
\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.6em}
\setlength\leftmarginv {1em}
\setlength\leftmarginvi {1em}
\setlength\leftmargin{\leftmargini}
\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
\renewcommand\theenumi{\roman{enumi}}
\renewcommand\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\renewcommand\theenumiii{\arabic{enumiii}}
\renewcommand\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
\newcommand\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}
\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\newcommand\labelenumiv{(\theenumiv)}
\renewcommand\p@enumii{(\theenumi)}
\renewcommand\p@enumiii{(\theenumi.\theenumii)}
\renewcommand\p@enumiv{(\theenumi.\theenumii.\theenumiii)}
\newcommand\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\ast$}
\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
\renewcommand \theequation {\@arabic\c@equation}
%%%%%%%%%%%%% Figures
\newcounter{figure}
\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
\newenvironment{figure}{\footnotesize\rm\@float{figure}}%
{\end@float\normalsize\rm}
\newenvironment{figure*}{\footnotesize\rm\@dblfloat{figure}}{\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}
\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
\newenvironment{table}{\footnotesize\rm\@float{table}}%
{\end@float\normalsize\rm}
\newenvironment{table*}{\footnotesize\rm\@dblfloat{table}}%
{\end@dblfloat\normalsize\rm}
\newlength\abovecaptionskip
\newlength\belowcaptionskip
\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
%Table Environments
%\newenvironment{tableref}[3][\textwidth]{%
%\begin{center}%
%\begin{table}%
%\captionsetup[table]{width=#1}
%\centering\caption{\label{#2}#3}}{\end{table}\end{center}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\newcounter{figure}
%\renewcommand \thefigure {\@arabic\c@figure}
%\def\fps@figure{tbp}
%\def\ftype@figure{1}
%\def\ext@figure{lof}
%\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
%ENVIRONMENT: figure
%\newenvironment{figure}
% {\@float{figure}}
% {\end@float}
%ENVIRONMENT: figure*
%\newenvironment{figure*}
% {\@dblfloat{figure}}
% {\end@dblfloat}
%ENVIRONMENT: table
%\newcounter{table}
%\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
%\def\fps@table{tbp}
%\def\ftype@table{2}
%\def\ext@table{lot}
%\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
%\newenvironment{table}
% {\@float{table}}
% {\end@float}
%ENVIRONMENT: table*
%\newenvironment{table*}
% {\@dblfloat{table}}
% {\end@dblfloat}
%\newlength\abovecaptionskip
%\newlength\belowcaptionskip
%\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
%\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
% CAPTIONS
% Added redefinition of \@caption so captions are not written to
% aux file therefore less need to \protect fragile commands
%
\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\begingroup
\@parboxrestore
\normalsize
\@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
\endgroup}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
\vskip\abovecaptionskip
\sbox\@tempboxa{{\bf #1.} #2}%
\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
{\bf #1.} #2\par
\else
\global \@minipagefalse
\hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
\fi
\vskip\belowcaptionskip}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
%\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
%\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
%\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
%\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
%\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%
% abbreviations for IOPP journals
%
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\newcommand{\CTM}{{\it Combust. Theory Modelling\/} }
\newcommand{\DSE}{{\it Distrib. Syst. Engng\/} }
\newcommand{\EJP}{{\it Eur. J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\HPP}{{\it High Perform. Polym.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\IP}{{\it Inverse Problems\/} }
\newcommand{\JHM}{{\it J. Hard Mater.} } % added 4/5/93
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\newcommand{\JOA}{{\it J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JOB}{{\it J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JPA}{{\it J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.} }
\newcommand{\JPB}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys.} } %1968-87
\newcommand{\jpb}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.} } %1988 and onwards
\newcommand{\JPC}{{\it J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys.} } %1968--1988
\newcommand{\JPCM}{{\it J. Phys.: Condens. Matter\/} } %1989 and onwards
\newcommand{\JPD}{{\it J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JPE}{{\it J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum.} }
\newcommand{\JPF}{{\it J. Phys. F: Met. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JPG}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys.} } %1975--1988
\newcommand{\jpg}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.} } %1989 and onwards
\newcommand{\MSMSE}{{\it Modelling Simulation Mater. Sci. Eng.} }
\newcommand{\MST}{{\it Meas. Sci. Technol.} } %1990 and onwards
\newcommand{\NET}{{\it Network: Comput. Neural Syst.} }
\newcommand{\NJP}{{\it New J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\NL}{{\it Nonlinearity\/} }
\newcommand{\NT}{{\it Nanotechnology} }
\newcommand{\PAO}{{\it Pure Appl. Optics\/} }
\newcommand{\PM}{{\it Physiol. Meas.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\PMB}{{\it Phys. Med. Biol.} }
\newcommand{\PPCF}{{\it Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion\/} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\PSST}{{\it Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\PUS}{{\it Public Understand. Sci.} }
\newcommand{\QO}{{\it Quantum Opt.} }
\newcommand{\QSO}{{\em Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\RPP}{{\it Rep. Prog. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\SLC}{{\it Sov. Lightwave Commun.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\SST}{{\it Semicond. Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\SUST}{{\it Supercond. Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\WRM}{{\it Waves Random Media\/} }
\newcommand{\JMM}{{\it J. Micromech. Microeng.\/} }
%
% Other commonly quoted journals
%
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\newcommand{\AM}{{\it Acta Metall.} }
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\newcommand{\APNY}{{\it Ann. Phys., NY\/} }
\newcommand{\APP}{{\it Ann. Phys., Paris\/} }
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\newcommand{\JCP}{{\it J. Chem. Phys.} }
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\newcommand{\JP}{{\it J. Physique\/} }
\newcommand{\JPhCh}{{\it J. Phys. Chem.} }
\newcommand{\JMMM}{{\it J. Magn. Magn. Mater.} }
\newcommand{\JMP}{{\it J. Math. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JOSA}{{\it J. Opt. Soc. Am.} }
\newcommand{\JPSJ}{{\it J. Phys. Soc. Japan\/} }
\newcommand{\JQSRT}{{\it J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer\/} }
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\newcommand{\SSC}{{\it Solid State Commun.} }
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%===================
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View file @ 4db4fefd
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\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\topsep 9\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus5\p@
\parsep 4.5\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\itemsep \parsep}%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}
\newcommand\footnotesize{%
% \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@xpt\@xiipt
\@setfontsize\footnotesize\@ixpt{11}%
\abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\topsep 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
\parsep 3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\itemsep \parsep}%
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
}
\newcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viiipt{9.5}}
\newcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vipt\@viipt}
\newcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large\@xivpt{18}}
\newcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large\@xviipt{22}}
\newcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xxpt{25}}
\newcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxvpt{30}}
\let\Huge=\huge
\if@twocolumn
\setlength\parindent{14\p@}
\else
\setlength\parindent{18\p@}
\fi
\if@letterpaper%
%\input{letmarg.tex}%
\setlength{\hoffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparsep}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0mm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{160mm}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\voffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\headheight}{8mm}
\setlength{\headsep}{5mm}
\setlength{\footskip}{0mm}
\setlength{\textheight}{230mm}
\setlength{\topmargin}{1.6mm}
\else
%\input{a4marg.tex}%
\setlength{\hoffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparsep}{0mm}
\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0mm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{160mm}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.4mm}
\setlength{\voffset}{0mm}
\setlength{\headheight}{8mm}
\setlength{\headsep}{5mm}
\setlength{\footskip}{0mm}
\setlength{\textheight}{230mm}
\setlength{\topmargin}{1.6mm}
\fi
\setlength\maxdepth{.5\topskip}
\setlength\@maxdepth\maxdepth
\setlength\footnotesep{8.4\p@}
\setlength{\skip\footins} {10.8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
\setlength\floatsep {14\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\textfloatsep {24\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\intextsep {16\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\dblfloatsep {16\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{24\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}
\setlength\@fptop{0\p@}
\setlength\@fpsep{10\p@ \@plus 1fil}
\setlength\@fpbot{0\p@}
\setlength\@dblfptop{0\p@}
\setlength\@dblfpsep{10\p@ \@plus 1fil}
\setlength\@dblfpbot{0\p@}
\setlength\partopsep{3\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\parsep=\z@
\topsep=6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
\itemsep=3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus1\p@}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
\labelwidth\leftmarginii
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\topsep=3\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
\parsep=\z@
\itemsep=\parsep}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
\labelwidth\leftmarginiii
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\topsep=\z@
\parsep=\z@
\partopsep=\z@
\itemsep=\z@}
\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
\labelwidth\leftmarginiv
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
\labelwidth\leftmarginv
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
\labelwidth\leftmarginvi
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\endinput
%%
%% End of file `iopart12.clo'.