contributions/pett/bibliopett.bib

+
+@misc{opennext,
+  url = "http://www.t3lab.it/en/progetti/open-next/"
+}
+
+@misc{harmony,
+  url = "https://www.harmony-alliance.eu/"
+}
+
+@misc{htn,
+  url = "https://www.retealtatecnologia.it/en"
+}
+
+@misc{industry40,
+  url = "http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/images/stories/documenti/PIANO-NAZIONALE-INDUSTRIA-40_ITA.pdf "
+}
+
+@misc{opusfacere,
+  url = "http://www.opusfacere.it/"
+}
+
+@article{eee,
+  author={M Abbrescia and S Aiola and R Antolini and C Avanzini and R Baldini Ferroli and G Bencivenni and E Bossini and E Bressan and A
+Chiavassa and C Cicalo and L Cifarelli and E Coccia and D De Gruttula and S De Pasquale and A Di Giovanni and M D'Incecco and K
+Doroud and M Dreucci and F L Fabbri and V Frolov and M Garbini and G Gemme and I Gnesi and C Gustavino and D Hatzifotiadu and P La
+Rocca and S Li and F Librizzi and A Maggiora and M Massai and S Miozzi and R Moro and M Panareo and R Paoletti and L Perasso and F Pilo and G
+Piragino and A Regano and F Riggi and G C Righini and F Romano and G Sartorelli and E Scapparone and A Scribano and M Selvi and S
+Serci and E Siddi and G Spandre and S Squarcia and M Taiuti and F Toselli and L Votano and M C S Williams and A Zichichi and R Zouyevski},
+  title={The EEE Project: cosmic rays, multigap resistive plate chambers and high school students},
+  journal={Journal of Instrumentation},
+  volume={7},
+  number={11},
+  pages={P11011},
+  url={http://stacks.iop.org/1748-0221/7/i=11/a=P11011},
+  year={2012},
+  abstract={The Extreme Energy Events Project has been designed to join the scientific interest of a cosmic rays physics experiment with the enormous didactic potentiality deriving from letting it be carried out by high school students and teachers. After the initial phase, the experiment is starting to take data continuously, and the first interesting physics results have been obtained, demonstrating the validity of the idea of running a real physics investigation in these peculiar conditions. Here an overview of its structure and status is presented, together with some studies about detector performance and first physics results.}
+}
\ No newline at end of file

contributions/pett/pett.tex

+\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
+
+\usepackage{url}
+%\usepackage[]{color}
+
+\usepackage{makecell}
+%usepackage{booktabs}
+\usepackage{siunitx}
+%\usepackage{subfig}
+\usepackage{float}
+%\usepackage{graphicx}
+
+\begin{document}
+\title{External Projects and Technology Transfer}
+\author{C. Vistoli$^1$, B. Martelli$^1$}
+\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, IT} 
+
+
+\ead{barbara.martelli@cnaf.infn.it}
+
+\begin{abstract}
+External Projects and Technology Transfer Unit (PETT) main mission is the coordination of CNAF activities funded by external organizations (Region, Italian Ministry of Education, EU) and CNAF Technology Transfer actions. PETT Unit coordinates the INFN Technology Transfer Laboratory in Emilia Romagna (TTLab), accredited to the Emilia Romagna High Technology Network (HTN) since 2015. 
+In 2018 TTLab submitted 4 proposals to the POR-FESR Emilia Romagna call, and at the beginning of 2019 three of them were approved and funded: FORTRESS, WE-LIGHT and SmartChain.
+In the meantime, the TROPIC project, approved in the former POR-FESR call, continued to run smoothly and the Harmony project started to move from a Proof of Concept phase to the production one.
+In its first year of life, the ISO 27001 Information Security Management System (ISMS) had to manage the critical situation originated by the datacenter flood happened at the end of 2017 and it did it successfully, passing the ISO 27001 external audit without any non-conformity. 
+
+\end{abstract}
+
+\section{Introduction}
+During 2018 the External Projects and Technology Transfer (PETT) Organizational Unit has
+contributed to various projects in the field of computing, communication of science, technology
+transfer and education. Some of the most relevant ones are: FiloBlu (POR-FESR Regione
+Marche), Opus Facere (MIUR) \cite{opusfacere}, Emilia Romagna Plan for high
+competencies in Research Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship \cite{altecompetenze}, OPEN-NEXT and TROPIC(POR-FESR
+2014-2020), Harmony \cite{harmony}. Great effort has been dedicated to the
+consolidation of the Technology Transfer Laboratory (INFN-TTLab) \cite{ttlab} which puts together heterogeneous
+competencies (physics, computing, mechanics and electronics) from Emilia Romagna INFN
+Sections and Centers (Bologna, Ferrara and CNAF) in order to promote the transfer of INFN
+know-how toward regional enterprises. In 2018 we operated the first year of life of the ISO-27001 ISMS consisting of a subset of INFN Tier 1 resources. This was required in order
+to store and manage private and sensitive personal data and could open new opportunities of
+exploitation of the Tier 1 resources in the near future.
+
+\section{The TROPIC project}
+TTLab is coordinating the TROPIC project (Target for Radioisotope Production via anti-Channelling) \cite{tropic} in a consortium with COMECER and Biomeccanica Srl.
+The project is part of the European Regional Development Plan POR-FESR Axis 1, Research and Innovation 2014-2020 of the Emilia-Romagna region.  Axis 1 aims at strengthening the regional network of research and technology transfer to companies with the purpose of increasing the ability to bring innovative solutions and products to the market. Through collaborations with researchers, it promotes innovation paths in the strategic areas of the regional production system and strengthens the high-tech network.
+The TROPIC project intends to explore a new radioisotope production method through the irradiation of solid targets in which a quantum effect called anti-channelling is exploited. Thanks to this effect, the probability of impact of the particle emitted by the accelerator on a crystalline matrix is much higher than the same dynamic but with a traditional amorphous solid target. This leads to an increase in the yield of nuclear bombardment and thus produces the desired isotope in larger quantities. The project intends to evaluate how much it is possible to save in terms of cost of the enriched material and how much the reaction yield grows in this particular configuration of the target. The ultimate goal is to make the production of these isotopes, extremely interesting from a diagnostic and therapeutic point of view, easier and less expensive.
+The theoretical research activity has already produced various results published in the past years.  The next step will be the experimental test and the realization of the first prototype.
+
+\section{The HARMONY Alliance}
+The HARMONY project (Healthcare alliance for resourceful medicines offensive against neoplasms in hematology) \cite{harmony} is part of IMI2 Big Data for Better Outcomes programme, which aims to facilitate the use of diverse data sources to deliver results that reflect health outcomes of treatments that are meaningful for patients, clinicians, regulators, researchers, healthcare decision-makers, and others.
+
+Blood cancers, or haematologic cancers (e.g. leukaemia, lymphoma and myeloma), affect the production and function of blood cells and account for about one third of cancer cases in children and about one third of cancer deaths. As many blood cancers are rare, and healthcare practice varies across EU, a lack of data on relevant outcomes represents a challenge for clinicians, researchers, and decision-makers alike. The HARMONY project aims to use big data to deliver information that will help to improve the care of patients with these diseases. Specifically, the project will gather together, integrate and analyze anonymous patient data from a number of high quality sources. This will help the team to define clinical endpoints and outcomes for these diseases that are recognized by all key stakeholders. Meanwhile the project data sharing platform will facilitate and improve decision making for policy makers and clinicians alike to help them to give the right treatment to the right patient at the right time. More broadly, the project will result in a pan-European network of stakeholders with expertise in this disease area.
+TTLab is involved as Linked Third Party of University of Bologna and is in charge of providing and managing the Harmony Big Data Platform Hosting in compliance with the ISO/IEC-27001 certification.
+
+\section{Other regional and national activities}
+In 2018, as industrial research lab of the Emilia Romagna High Technology Network \cite{htn}, TTLab carried out a number of activities in order to strengthen the link between research and industry sector. 
+
+In 2018 TTLab kept on contributing in the following Emilia Romagna Clust-ERs \cite{clusters}: 
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--]INNOVATE (ICT): focused on the role of digital technologies as a means for innovate services in a global context and to emphasize their transformative power of the economy and society.
+\item[--]AGRIFOOD: covers the whole “from farm to fork” value chain, starting from the farmed produce all the way to the consumers’ plates, it includes ICT systems, equipment and machineries, transformation and packaging plants, logistics and food by-products and waste valorization.
+\item[--]CREATE: aims to improve the innovation in the culture and creative industries sector
+\item[--]HEALTH: focused on health related topics like biomed, pharmaceutical and omics sciences, smart and active living. In Emilia-Romagna there is the most important medtech district in Europe and regional policies encourage local research actors to team-up with private companies in order to maximize innovation. 
+\item[--]MECH: focused on the mech
+nics and motor sector. A number of worldwide famous brands both in the automotive and in the mechanical sector are located in the region. These companies are at the cutting edge of a corporate system and can take advantage of technologies developed by our research teams. 
+\item[--] BUILD: supports the innovation system in the building and construction field.
+\end{itemize}
+Clust-ERs are recognized Associations, formed in accordance with articles 14-42 of the Italian Civil Code. Clust-ER Associations are communities of public and private bodies (research centers, businesses, training bodies) that share ideas, skills, tools, and resources to support the competitiveness of the most important production systems in Emilia-Romagna. Thanks to Clust-ERs, research laboratories and centers for innovation belonging to the High Technology Network team up with the business system and the higher education system to make up the inter-disciplinary critical mass necessary to multiply opportunities and develop strategic projects with a high regional impact. Main objectives of Clust-ERs are: to maximize the opportunities for participating in European programs and international research and innovation networks, to forge synergies and set up coordinated and stable networks and connections with other public/private agglomerations operating in the same sectors at national and European level, to encourage and support the development and creation of initiatives in higher education and the development of human resources and to support the development of new research infrastructures.
+
+INFN is part of the National Cluster ``Intelligent Factories'' \cite{cfi}: an association that includes large and medium-small companies, universities and research centers, company associations and other stakeholders active in the advanced manufacturing sector. The association is recognized by MIUR as a driver of sustainable economic growth in all the regions of the national economic system, as it fosters the innovation and specialization of Italian manufacturing systems. The mission of CFI is to increase the competitiveness of the Italian manufacturing industry through the design and implementation of a number of research projects for the development of new enabling technologies; to maintain and develop advanced skill in Italian manufacturing; to increase Italian companies access to national and international funds; to support entrepreneurship and company growth through the involvement of private investors. The INFN participates in this National Cluster through INFN personnel. 
+
+TTLab participates in the Opus Facere project (Lab for Employability) \cite{opusfacere} with a course about Cosmic Rays Data Analysis, on the EEE \cite{eee} experiment data, where students of the fifth year of secondary school can understand and practice the job of data scientist and physicist. For more details, see dedicated contribution in this report. 
+
+In 2018 TTLab started the activities founded by the Regional Plan for High Competencies for Research, Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship \cite{altecompetenze} (5 research grants) for industrial research activities in different areas: models and algorithms for genome sequencing analysis, geospatial data access and processing services, big data analysis of physical, astrophysical and aerospatial data, big data analysis for smart cities. In particular, the research grants activated are: 
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--]Big Data Analysis: algorithms and models for the analysis of nucleic acid sequencing data  - partner CIG/Unibo
+\item[--]Big Data management: services for accessing and processing geospatial data in the era of Big Data – Industrial  partner MEEO s.r.l \cite{meeo} Meteorological Enviromental Earth Observation 
+\item[--]Big Data management: the analysis of data in the field of physics, astrophysics and space science industrial partner VEM Sistemi  S.p.A \cite{vem}
+\item[--]Big Data management: Big Data in Smart Cities Industrial partner Filippetti S.p.A \cite{filippetti}
+\end{itemize}
+  
+Three out of four proposals to Emilia Romagna POR-FESR 2018 call were funded: 
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--] FORTRESS: coordinated by INFN-TTLab, targets the innovative use of thin film transistors as direct radiation detectors integrated into large area flexible patches for two innovative applications. Two demos will be developed: SAFEINJECT and BEAMGUARD.
+Two advanced material platforms: organic  and perovskite thin films. They share the unique capability of realizing simple, thin and flexible transistors able to directly detect ionizing radiation and apt to be fabricated as thin, lightweight, low-power operated, large-area 2D pixelated matrices.
+
+\item[--] WE-LIGHT (WEarable LIGHTing for smart accessories and apparels): coordinated by UniMoRe with participation of INFN-TTLab, proposes the creation of prototypes of sportswear integrated with different technological systems of electronic, optical and sensorial type, able to connect whoever wear to the external environment.
+\item[--] SmartChain: coordinated by UniMoRe with participation of INFN-TTLab, proposes the creation of a set of solutions based on
+blockchain technologies to identify and implement innovative platforms useful to businesses of the Emilia Romagna territory. The project will analyze the current production, certification and tracking scenarios supply chains, proposing and implementing software systems that can improve the efficiency of production chains.
+\end{itemize}
+
+Finally, PETT coordinated the participation of INFN to the BI-REX (Big data Innovation and Research Excellence) Competence Center and actively contributed to the proposal. The BI-REX Competence Center is a project funded by the Ministry of Economic Development in the scope of Industry-4.0 plan. It is composed by a pilot plant which aims to reconstruct an entire digital manufacturing process for mechanical components, which can demonstrate the potential of new technologies for production, while allowing the realization of finished products that can be used directly as demonstrators for different supply chains such as the automotive, mechatronics and biomedical industries.
+
+The pilot will be assisted by ICT systems for dynamic monitoring and reconfiguration of the various islands,
+both separately and in integration, and elastic cloud / edge platforms for data collection and analytics from
+sensors.
+The Bi-Rex Competence Center involves 49 companies, 7 universities and 5 research institutions and it is cofounded by Ministry of Economic Development and private partners. The total amount of the founding is about 20 MEuro.
+
+Bi-Rex main area of research are:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--] Additive Manufacturing
+\item[--] ICT and automation in manufacturing industries
+\item[--] Big Data and new digital business models
+\item[--] Logistics
+\item[--] Environmental and economical sustainability
+\end{itemize}
+
+CNAF will contribute to the Competence Center with its expertise on Big Data management and on Cloud integration with HPC, IoT and Edge technologies. 
+
+\section{SUPER}
+INFN-TTLab worked on the proposal preparation and participates in the SUPER Supercomputing infrastructure and Big Data Analytics for advanced applications in the field of life sciences, advanced materials and innovative production systems. The partnership is composed of 12 subjects and includes the major regional players for the following areas:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--] Supercomputing and big data: CINECA, INFN, which have world-class infrastructures, CMCC, and
+ENEA, which have national Tier 1 class systems; CNR, INAF and INGV that have departmental systems
+and qualifying databases within their institutional contexts.
+\item[--] Genomics, regenerative medicine, and biobanks: University of Bologna, University of Modena and
+Reggio Emilia, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institutes, University of Ferrara and University of Parma.
+\item[--] Innovative industrial materials and systems: University of Bologna, University of Modena and Reggio
+Emilia, CNR, University of Ferrara, University of Parma, ENEA.
+\end{itemize}
+
+
+\section{Outreach}
+INFN CNAF Knowledge Transfer strategy roots in its connections with the INFN central structures related to this purpose (INFN External funds unit and INFN National Technology Transfer Committee) and takes advantage of its relationships with local economy and regional administration. The PETT Unit is coordinating the actions needed to translate this strategy into reality. CNAF and the PETT Unit are strongly committed to leverage the virtuous relationship between the datacenter personnel's big-data competencies and the R\&D activities, both at the forefront of technology, in order to bring back to society this innovation force. In fact, thanks to the experience gained running the LHC computing infrastructures, CNAF personnel is probably within the most skilled staffs in Italy in the field of big data management and HPC computing. Moreover, in the field of Cloud Computing CNAF has a primary role as R\&D actor and integrator of Cloud technologies with Internet of Things, Low Power computing and Edge computing systems.
+All of them (big data, HPC and cloud computing) are some of the key technologies mentioned by the Italian Ministry of Economic Development National Plan Impresa 4.0 (formerly Industria 4.0) as a driver to improve competitiveness in the industrial sector, making CNAF one of the most promising actors in the technology transfer field.
+INFN mission includes, in addition to research, the transfer to the society of the acquired knowledge. This definition means both the transfer of know-how in the form of training and technology transfer, and the dissemination of scientific culture. In order to make its intervention more effective, in 2016 the INFN was equipped with a Coordination Committee for the Third Mission (CC3M). The primary objective of this Committee is to coordinate local initiatives for the dissemination of scientific culture with national impact to strengthen its effectiveness. CNAF is linked to CC3M through a local representative (from the PETT Unit) whom reports local activities to the Committee. 
+
+Main outreach activities performed by CNAF personnel are:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[--] Training internships (summer students, curricular internships) \cite{summerstudents}
+\item[--] Guided tours in the Tier 1 datacenter premises
+\item[--] Coordination and holding of University and PhD courses on the topic of Infrastructure for Big
+Data processing
+\item[--] Outreach events like The European Researchers' Night 2017 an initiative promoted by the European Commission since 2005 (Marie Sklodowska-Curie actions) which involves thousands of researchers and research institutions in all European countries every year. It takes place every year throughout Europe on the last Friday of September. The goal is to create opportunities for researchers and citizens to meet to spread the scientific culture and knowledge of research professions in an informal and stimulating context. CNAF contributes to events such as live scientific experiments and demonstrations, exhibitions and guided tours, conferences and informative seminars, shows, concerts and artistic performances.
+\item[--] School-work alternation within the OpusFacere Territorial Laboratory for Employability \cite{opusfacere}an innovative educational project that comes from a network composed by educational institutes of the Metropolitan City of Bologna and public and private partners of the territory. In this context,
+CNAF designed and hold a course named Cosmic Rays Data Analysis based on data collected by the Extreme Energy Events project and aimed at teach high school students the job of physicist \cite{eee-opusfacere}. 
+\end{itemize}
+
+\section{Conclusions}
+In 2018 the External Projects and Technology Transfer group consolidated its collaboration with the research and innovation regional system participating and contributing to many initiatives aimed at creating a strong partnership between the research and industry sectors. 
+
+
+\section*{References}
+\begin{thebibliography}{9}
+\bibitem{altecompetenze} \url{https://formazionelavoro.regione.emilia-romagna.it/alta-formazione-ricerca/approfondimenti/piano-alte-competenze}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{harmony}  \url{https://www.harmony-alliance.eu/},site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{ttlab} \url{https://ttlab.infn.it/}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{tropic} \url{https://agenda.infn.it/event/15101/contributions/28472/attachments/20303/23011/TROPIC_20190213_ebagli.pdf},  site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{htn}  \url{https://www.retealtatecnologia.it/en}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{clusters} \url{https://www.retealtatecnologia.it/en/clust-er site}, visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{cfi} \url{https://www.fabbricaintelligente.it/}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{meeo} \url{http://www.meeo.it/wp/}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{vem} \url{https://vem.com/en/},  site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{filippetti} \url{https://www.filippetti.it/en/},  site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{opusfacere} \url{http://www.opusfacere.it/}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{eee} \url{https://eee.centrofermi.it/}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{eee-opusfacere} Martelli B, Noferini F, Pellegrino C, Ronchieri E, Vistoli C, Seminar \emph{Cosmic Rays Data Analysis: insegnando Python con un Jupyter Notebook} \url{https://agenda.infn.it/event/19607/}, site visited on June 2019.
+\bibitem{summerstudents} \url{https://agenda.infn.it/event/17430/}, site visited on June 2019.
+\end{thebibliography}
+\end{document}

contributions/sc18/SC18.tex

+\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\begin{document}
+\title{ The annual international conference of high performance computing: SC18 from INFN point of view}
+
+%\address{Production Editor, \jpcs, \iopp, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS1~6BE, UK}
+\author{A. Costantini$^1$, D. Salomoni$^1$, S. Zani$^1$, S. Longo$^1$, L.Chiarelli$^2$, G. Grandi$^3$
+        % etc.
+}
+
+\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, IT}
+\address{$^2$ GARR, Bologna, IT}
+\address{$^3$ INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, IT}
+
+
+\ead{alessandro.costantini@cnaf.infn.it}
+
+\begin{abstract}
+Since 2012  INFN, together with INAF, GARR, ENEA and CINECA is participating as exhibitor in the annual international conference of high performance
+ computing, networking, storage and analysis. In 2018 SC took place in Dallas (US) between 12 and 16 November 2018. SC18 was particular enriched 
+by many events where the major software and hardware vendors presented their innovative products, strategies and next investments plans and actions. 
+\end{abstract}
+
+
+\section{Introduction}
+SC18 \cite{sc18} marks the 30th anniversary of the annual international conference of high performance computing, networking, storage and analysis.
+ It celebrates the contributions of researchers and scientists – from those just starting their careers to those whose contributions have made lasting impacts.
+INFN \cite{infn} is participating to this international conference since 2012 with the support and the collaboration of 
+\begin{itemize}
+\item CINECA \cite{cineca}, a not-for-profit Consortium, made up of 67 Italian universities, 9 Italian Research Institutions, 1 Polyclinic and the Italian Ministry of Education.
+ Today it is the largest Italian computing center, one of the most important worldwide.
+\item INAF \cite{inaf}, is the most important Italian institution conducting scientific research in astronomy and astrophysics. Research ranges from the study of the
+ planets and minor bodies of the Solar system up to the large-scale structure of the Universe and groups and clusters of galaxies on cosmological scales.
+\item GARR\cite{garr}, the ultra-broadband network dedicated to the Italian research and education community.  Its main objective is to provide high-performance 
+connectivity and to develop innovative services for the daily activities of researchers, professors and students as well as for international collaboration.
+\item ENEA \cite{enea}, the National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, a public body aimed at research, technological
+ innovation and the provision of advanced services to enterprises, public administration and citizens in the sectors of energy, the environment and sustainable economic development.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\section{SC18 in brief}
+The conference drew a record-breaking 13,071 (as of 11/15/18) attendees and featured a technical program spanning six days – making it the largest SC conference of all time. 
+In all, the conference and exhibition infused the local economy with more than \$40 million in revenue according to the local Dallas Convention Bureau.
+\subsection{Conference Themes}
+ Inspiring the Next Generation \& Diversity. A conference highlight related to this theme was the Student Cluster Competition, which features 15 international student 
+teams competing in a non-stop “Iron-Chef’' style challenge to complete a real-world scientific workload, while impressing conference attendees and judges with their HPC knowledge.
+A shrinking labor force is one of the major shortfalls in the STEM industry. The SC Conference brought together all nationalities, ethnicities, genders, and technical capabilities
+ with the goal of sparking new ideas on how to attract more women, minorities, and young people to HPC.
+Inspiring the World. HPC has the power and promise to solve world’s most difficult challenges. From hurricane and earthquake predictions to solving global hunger 
+challenges, a main focus of the conference was to demonstrate how the HPC industry is using supercomputing to help make the world a better place.
+Inspiring the Future of Technology. HPC is powering the advancement of artificial intelligence. In technical sessions and on the exhibit floor, the conference explored 
+how HPC is helping AI bring improvements in societies, economies, and organizations.
+\subsection{World’s Fastest Network}
+SCinet gave SC18 attendees the chance to experience the world’s fastest temporary network, delivering 4.02 terabits per second of network capacity to the Kay Bailey
+ Hutchison Convention Center in Dallas (US).
+In preparation, volunteers installed more than 67 miles of fiber optic cable, including two miles of new underground fiber that now connects the convention center to a
+ downtown Dallas data center. After this year’s conference concludes, that underground fiber will remain in place for the benefit of the city of Dallas.
+To deliver WiFi for all attendees across one million square feet of exhibit space, volunteers also installed 300 wireless access points in just one week.
+SCinet is made possible by the contributions of 40 industry-leading vendors, who in total donated \$52 million in hardware, software, and services.
+\subsection{Exhibit Records}
+According to Christy Adkinson, SC18 Exhibits Chair from Cray Inc, the SC18 Exhibition broke several records including largest research booth space at 65,000 sq. ft. and 
+more industry exhibitors than ever. Plus, it exceeded the most total number of exhibitors at 364 and was the largest Exhibits ever with over 150,000 sq. ft. occupied. It also
+ featured the first ever “Start-Up” Pavilion allowing small companies just entering the field an economic way to have a presence at the conference. Finally, SC18 featured more 1st time exhibitors than ever.
+
+\section{Innovations and new products at SC18}
+The consolidated role of SC as the reference point  high performance computing, networking, storage and analysis push the major vendors and companies to present their new products and activities.
+Some of them have been briefly reported and described in the following subsections.
+
+\subsection{INTEL}
+Intel \cite{intel} presented the improved family of processors:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Cascade Lake: Intel Deep Learning Boost with the support to “Speed Select Technology" VNNI (vector neural network instruction) for inference acceleration
+\item Cooper Lake: the successor of Cascade Lake (expected to be released on 1st half of 2020). Supports Bfloat16 for Deep Learning training,which provides the same level of precision as double-precision (32­bit) floating points, but in a smaller (16­bit) data size.
+\item Ice Lake: the 10nm Ultrabook-class processors planned to ne released in late 2020. Will introduce PCIe Gen 4, with up to 64 lanes per CPU.
+\item Intel Nervana Neural Netwrok Processor for Training pltted for early.
+\item PCI express card for inference available of the first quarter 2019.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsection{Dell EMC}
+Dell EMC \cite{dellemc} presented at their Community Meeting event the Frontera supercomputer. The Dell EMC PowerEdge system plans to combine several technical
+ innovations such as CoolIT Systems high-density Direct Contact Liquid Cooling, high performance Mellanox HDR 200Gb/s InfiniBand interconnect and next generation 
+Intel® Xeon® Scalable processors. Frontera’s early projects are expecting to include analysis of particle collisions from CERN’s Large Hadron Collider, global climate 
+modeling, hurricane forecasting and multi-messenger astronomy.
+
+\subsection{NVIDIA}
+NVIDIA \cite{nvidia}presented the new NVIDIA® T4 GPU accelerates diverse cloud workloads, including high-performance computing, deep learning training and inference, 
+machine learning, data analytics, and graphics. Based on the new NVIDIA Turing architecture and packaged in an energy-efficient 70-watt, small PCIe form factor, T4 is 
+optimized for mainstream computing environments and features multi-precision Turing Tensor Cores and new RT Cores. Combined with accelerated containerized software 
+stacks from NGC, T4 delivers revolutionary performance at scale.
+
+\subsection{ARISTA}
+ARISTA \cite{ARISTA} presented two high density 400 Gigabit Ethernet datacenter switches based on the Broadcom 12.8 Tbps Tomahawk 3 silicon 
+consisting on 32 400 GbEthernet ports in 1 Rack Unit.
+The two models are supporting different type of transceivers: The 7060PX4-32 supports 32 OSFP Interfaces and the 7060DX4-32 has 32 ports of QSFP-DD. 
+The adapter from OSFP to DD standard were also available. The devices were available to touch and test.   
+
+\section{INFN at SC18}
+As mentioned above, INFN actively participated to SC18 by handling a booth where the advances in research of INFN and its partners (CINECA, INAF. ENEA and GARR)
+ have been shown through the support of posters, video, leaflets and brochures (See Figures \ref{fig-1}, \ref{fig-2}, \ref{fig-3} and \ref{fig-4} for detais).
+In particular, the following list of posters, and related contributors, have been shown:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Federated Cloud For Research (GARR)
+\item COmputing on SoC Architecture: the INFN COSA Project
+\item INAF - HPC New challenges and perspectives CINECA and EU-H2020 Programs
+\item CRESCO6: tech specs \& benchmarks (ENEA)
+\item ENEA partnership in the European Energy oriented Center of Excellence (ENEA)
+\item INFN Collaboration and Opportunities
+\item DataCloud HYBRID SERVICES From Integrated Solutions to Exascale and beyond
+\item INFN Service Portfolio
+\item The INDIGO Identity and Access Management Service
+\item HTC, HPC, CLOUD, no matter what your flavors are. New users are welcome at ReCaS-Bari DataCenter
+\item HPC for Theoretical Physics at INFN
+\item INFN CNAF “The Italian LHC TIER 1"
+
+\end{itemize}
+ 
+\subsection{Statistics at the INFN booth}
+Thanks to the support of INFN National Services, a web survey \cite{limesurvey} has been deployed an used to collect information from the SC18 visitors interested in the
+ scientific activities presented at the booth.
+Among all the SC18 participants who visited the INFN booth, 54 of them decided to fill-in the survey by replying to the following multiple-choise questions related to
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Education 
+\item Current occupation 
+\item Interest for INFN projects or services
+\subitem -Software services for Research and Data Centers
+\subitem -Industrial Collaboration (Consultancy, Design and Planning)
+\subitem -Training courses, Programming and DevOps methodologies
+\subitem -Distributed computing paradigm (Grid Middleware)
+\subitem -INDIGO-DataCloud
+\subitem -eXtreme-DataCloud (XDC)
+\subitem -DEEP-Hybrid DataCloud (DEEP)
+\item Interest in possible collaboration with INFN
+\subitem -Submission of new ideas for possible co-development / evaluation
+\subitem -Work via existing institutional channels (e.g. Horizon2020, WLCG, etc)
+\subitem -Explore some Technology Transfer opportunities toward industry
+\subitem -Use of INFN storage or compute facilities
+\item Job opportunities at INFN
+\subitem -Temporary Research Fellow
+\subitem -Temporary Contract (Software developer, Technologist)
+\subitem -Visiting Scientist
+\end{itemize}
+
+From the statistical analysis it appears clear the high education level of the participants (see Figure \ref{survey1}) and the distributed background due 
+to the different occupational levels (see Figure \ref{survey2}) of the visitors.
+Most of the INFN services, in particular Software services for Research and Data Centers  (see Figure \ref{survey3}), actracted the attention of the 
+visitors and, as a direct consequence, their interest on the INFN activities expressed both in the form of collaborations (see Figure \ref{survey4}) or job opportunities (see Figure \ref{survey5}).
+
+
+\section{Conclusions}                
+Supercomputing 2018 (SC18) is the annual international conference of high performance computing, networking, storage and analysis.
+ The major vendors and companies presented in such event their new products and activities of which some of them have been discussed in the 
+session “Innovations and new products at SC18". INFN, in collaboration with  INAF, GARR, ENEA and CINECA participated as exhibitor at SC18 by 
+presenting their activities and related collaborations. Furthermore, a survey among the booth visitors have been proposed by INFN and the related information have been collected and analysed.
+
+\section{References} 
+\begin{thebibliography}{}
+\bibitem{sc18}
+Web site: https://sc18.supercomputing.org
+\bibitem{infn}
+Web site: https://www.infn.it
+\bibitem{cineca}
+Web site: https://www.cineca.it
+\bibitem{inaf}
+Web site: www.inaf.it
+\bibitem{garr}
+Web site: https://www.garr.it
+\bibitem{enea}
+Web site: www.enea.it
+\bibitem{intel}
+Web site: https://www.intel.com
+\bibitem{dellemc}
+Web site: https://www.dellemc.com
+\bibitem{nvidia}
+Web site: https://www.nvidia.com
+\bibitem{ARISTA}
+Web site: https://www.arista.com
+\bibitem{limesurvey}
+Web site: https://surveys.infn.it
+\end{thebibliography}
+
+\begin{figure}[h]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{20181112_173827-min.png}
+\caption{\small First view of the INFN booth at SC18, Dallas (US)}
+\label{fig-1}
+\end{figure}
+
+\vspace*{-.5cm}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{20181112_173843-min.png}
+\caption{\small Second view of the INFN booth at SC18, Dallas (US)}
+\label{fig-2}
+\end{figure}
+
+\vspace*{-.5cm}
+\begin{figure}[h]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{20181112_181720-min.png}
+\caption{\small INFN employee is presenting the INDIGO-DataCloud products and the new running Cloud-oriented projects: DEEP-HybridDatacloud, eXtreme-DataCloud and EOSC-hub.}
+\label{fig-3}
+\end{figure}
+
+\vspace*{-.5cm}
+\begin{figure}[!h]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=10cm,clip]{20181112_190135-min.png}
+\caption{\small Panoramic view (partial) of the SC18 exibitor area.}
+\label{fig-4}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[tbp]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{2.png}
+\caption{\small Distribution of the participants in terms of education.}
+\label{survey1}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[tbp]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{3.png}
+\caption{\small Distribution of the participants in terms of occupation.}
+\label{survey2}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[tbp]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{4.png}
+\caption{\small Distribution in terms of interest for INFN services.}
+\label{survey3}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[tbp]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{5.png}
+\caption{\small Distribution of interest in therms of collaboration opportunities.}
+\label{survey4}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[tbp]
+\centering
+\includegraphics[width=6cm,clip]{6.png}
+\caption{\small Distribution of interest in therms of job opportunities.}
+\label{survey5}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+

contributions/sd_iam/biblio.bib

+@techreport{jwt,
+  author = {Michael B. Jones and John Bradley and Nat Sakimura},
+  title = {{The JSON Web Token RFC}},
+  type = {RFC},
+  number = 7519,
+  year = {2015},
+  month = {May},
+  issn = {2070-1721},
+  publisher = {IETF Tools},
+  institution = {IETF Tools},
+  url = {https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc7519.txt}
+}
+
+@techreport{oauth,
+  author = {Dick Hardt},
+  title = {{The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework}},
+  type = {RFC},
+  number = 6749,
+  year = {2012},
+  month = {October},
+  issn = {2070-1721},
+  publisher = {IETF Tools},
+  institution = {IETF Tools},
+  url = {https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6749.txt}
+}
+
+@techreport{oauth-token-exchange,
+  author = {Michael B. Jones and Anthony Nadalin and Brian Campbell
+            and John Bradley and Chuck Mortimore},
+  title = {{OAuth 2.0 Token Exchange}},
+  type = {Internet-Draft},
+  number = "draft-ietf-oauth-token-exchange-16.txt",
+  year = {2019},
+  month = {April},
+  day = {22},
+  institution = {IETF Tools},
+  url = {https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-oauth-token-exchange-16.txt}
+}
+
+@techreport{oauth-metadata,
+  author = {Michael B. Jones and Nat Sakimura and John Bradley},
+  title = {{OAuth 2.0 Authorization Server Metadata}},
+  type = {RFC},
+  number = 8414,
+  year = {2018},
+  month = {June},
+  issn = {2070-1721},
+  publisher = {IETF Tools},
+  institution = {IETF Tools},
+  url = {https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc8414.txt}
+}
+
+@online{oidc,
+  author = {{OpenID Foundation}},
+  title = {{The OpenID Connect identity layer}},
+  year = 2018,
+  url = {https://openid.net/connect/},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{oidc-discovery,
+  author = {{Nat Sakimura and John Bradley and Michael B. Jones and Edmund Jay}},
+  title = {{The OpenID Connect discovery specification}},
+  year = 2014,
+  url = {https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{igtf,
+  title = {{The Interoperable Global Trust Federation}},
+  url = {https://www.igtf.net/},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{x509,
+  title = {{X.509}},
+  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@article{GSI,
+  author    = {Von Welch and
+               Frank Siebenlist and
+               Ian T. Foster and
+               John Bresnahan and
+               Karl Czajkowski and
+               Jarek Gawor and
+               Carl Kesselman and
+               Sam Meder and
+               Laura Pearlman and
+               Steven Tuecke},
+  title     = {Security for Grid Services},
+  journal   = {CoRR},
+  volume    = {cs.CR/0306129},
+  year      = {2003},
+  url       = {http://arxiv.org/abs/cs.CR/0306129},
+  timestamp = {Mon, 13 Aug 2018 16:49:07 +0200},
+  biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/bib/journals/corr/cs-CR-0306129},
+  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
+}
+
+@software{VOMS,
+  author = {Vincenzo Ciaschini and Valerio Venturi and Andrea Ceccanti},
+  title = {{The Virtual Organisation Membership Service}}, 
+  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1875371},
+  url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1875371}
+}
+
+@online{edugain,
+   title = {{eduGAIN interfederation website}},
+   url = {http://www.geant.org/Services/Trust_identity_and_security/eduGAIN},
+   urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{google,
+   title = {{The Google Identity Platform}},
+   url = {https://developers.google.com/identity/},
+   urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{scim,
+   title = {{The System for Cross Domain Identity Management website}},
+   url = {http://www.simplecloud.info/},
+   urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@article{indigo-aai-chep2016,
+  author={Andrea Ceccanti and Marcus Hardt and Bas Wegh and A. Paul Millar
+          and Marco Caberletti and Enrico Vianello and Slavek Licehammer},
+  title={{The INDIGO-Datacloud Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure}},
+  journal={Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
+  volume={898},
+  number={10},
+  pages={102016},
+  url={http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/898/10/102016},
+  year={2017}
+}
+
+
+@software{iam,
+  author = {Andrea Ceccanti and Enrico Vianello and Marco Caberletti},
+  title = {{INDIGO Identity and Access Management (IAM)}},
+  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1874790},
+  url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1874790}
+}
+
+
+@software{voms-admin,
+  author = {Andrea Ceccanti},
+  title = {{The VOMS administration service}},
+  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.1875616},
+  url = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1875616}
+}
+
+@misc{cwp,
+Author = {{HEP Software Foundation} and Johannes Albrecht and Antonio
+  Augusto {Alves} Jr and Guilherme Amadio and Giuseppe Andronico and Nguyen
+    Anh-Ky and Laurent Aphecetche and John Apostolakis and Makoto Asai and Luca
+    Atzori and Marian Babik and Giuseppe Bagliesi and Marilena Bandieramonte
+    and Sunanda Banerjee and Martin Barisits and Lothar A. T. Bauerdick and
+    Stefano Belforte and Douglas Benjamin and Catrin Bernius and Wahid Bhimji
+    and Riccardo Maria Bianchi and Ian Bird and Catherine Biscarat and Jakob
+    Blomer and Kenneth Bloom and Tommaso Boccali and Brian Bockelman and Tomasz
+    Bold and Daniele Bonacorsi and Antonio Boveia and Concezio Bozzi and Marko
+    Bracko and David Britton and Andy Buckley and Predrag Buncic and Paolo
+    Calafiura and Simone Campana and Philippe Canal and Luca Canali and
+    Gianpaolo Carlino and Nuno Castro and Marco Cattaneo and Gianluca Cerminara
+    and Javier Cervantes Villanueva and Philip Chang and John Chapman and Gang
+    Chen and Taylor Childers and Peter Clarke and Marco Clemencic and Eric
+    Cogneras and Jeremy Coles and Ian Collier and David Colling and Gloria
+    Corti and Gabriele Cosmo and Davide Costanzo and Ben Couturier and Kyle
+    Cranmer and Jack Cranshaw and Leonardo Cristella and David Crooks and
+    Sabine Crépé-Renaudin and Robert Currie and Sünje Dallmeier-Tiessen and
+    Kaushik De and Michel De Cian and Albert De Roeck and Antonio Delgado Peris
+    and Frédéric Derue and Alessandro Di Girolamo and Salvatore Di Guida and
+    Gancho Dimitrov and Caterina Doglioni and Andrea Dotti and Dirk Duellmann
+    and Laurent Duflot and Dave Dykstra and Katarzyna Dziedziniewicz-Wojcik and
+    Agnieszka Dziurda and Ulrik Egede and Peter Elmer and Johannes Elmsheuser
+    and V. Daniel Elvira and Giulio Eulisse and Steven Farrell and Torben
+    Ferber and Andrej Filipcic and Ian Fisk and Conor Fitzpatrick and José Flix
+    and Andrea Formica and Alessandra Forti and Giovanni Franzoni and James
+    Frost and Stu Fuess and Frank Gaede and Gerardo Ganis and Robert Gardner
+    and Vincent Garonne and Andreas Gellrich and Krzysztof Genser and Simon
+    George and Frank Geurts and Andrei Gheata and Mihaela Gheata and Francesco
+    Giacomini and Stefano Giagu and Manuel Giffels and Douglas Gingrich and
+    Maria Girone and Vladimir V. Gligorov and Ivan Glushkov and Wesley Gohn and
+    Jose Benito Gonzalez Lopez and Isidro González Caballero and Juan R.
+    González Fernández and Giacomo Govi and Claudio Grandi and Hadrien Grasland
+    and Heather Gray and Lucia Grillo and Wen Guan and Oliver Gutsche and
+    Vardan Gyurjyan and Andrew Hanushevsky and Farah Hariri and Thomas Hartmann
+    and John Harvey and Thomas Hauth and Benedikt Hegner and Beate Heinemann
+    and Lukas Heinrich and Andreas Heiss and José M. Hernández and Michael
+    Hildreth and Mark Hodgkinson and Stefan Hoeche and Burt Holzman and Peter
+    Hristov and Xingtao Huang and Vladimir N. Ivanchenko and Todor Ivanov and
+    Jan Iven and Brij Jashal and Bodhitha Jayatilaka and Roger Jones and Michel
+    Jouvin and Soon Yung Jun and Michael Kagan and Charles William Kalderon and
+    Meghan Kane and Edward Karavakis and Daniel S. Katz and Dorian Kcira and
+    Oliver Keeble and Borut Paul Kersevan and Michael Kirby and Alexei
+    Klimentov and Markus Klute and Ilya Komarov and Dmitri Konstantinov and
+    Patrick Koppenburg and Jim Kowalkowski and Luke Kreczko and Thomas Kuhr and
+    Robert Kutschke and Valentin Kuznetsov and Walter Lampl and Eric Lancon and
+    David Lange and Mario Lassnig and Paul Laycock and Charles Leggett and
+    James Letts and Birgit Lewendel and Teng Li and Guilherme Lima and Jacob
+    Linacre and Tomas Linden and Miron Livny and Giuseppe Lo Presti and
+    Sebastian Lopienski and Peter Love and Adam Lyon and Nicolò Magini and
+    Zachary L. Marshall and Edoardo Martelli and Stewart Martin-Haugh and Pere
+    Mato and Kajari Mazumdar and Thomas McCauley and Josh McFayden and Shawn
+    McKee and Andrew McNab and Rashid Mehdiyev and Helge Meinhard and Dario
+    Menasce and Patricia Mendez Lorenzo and Alaettin Serhan Mete and Michele
+    Michelotto and Jovan Mitrevski and Lorenzo Moneta and Ben Morgan and
+    Richard Mount and Edward Moyse and Sean Murray and Armin Nairz and Mark S.
+    Neubauer and Andrew Norman and Sérgio Novaes and Mihaly Novak and Arantza
+    Oyanguren and Nurcan Ozturk and Andres Pacheco Pages and Michela Paganini
+    and Jerome Pansanel and Vincent R. Pascuzzi and Glenn Patrick and Alex
+    Pearce and Ben Pearson and Kevin Pedro and Gabriel Perdue and Antonio
+    Perez-Calero Yzquierdo and Luca Perrozzi and Troels Petersen and Marko
+    Petric and Andreas Petzold and Jónatan Piedra and Leo Piilonen and Danilo
+    Piparo and Jim Pivarski and Witold Pokorski and Francesco Polci and Karolos
+    Potamianos and Fernanda Psihas and Albert Puig Navarro and Günter Quast and
+    Gerhard Raven and Jürgen Reuter and Alberto Ribon and Lorenzo Rinaldi and
+    Martin Ritter and James Robinson and Eduardo Rodrigues and Stefan Roiser
+    and David Rousseau and Gareth Roy and Grigori Rybkine and Andre Sailer and
+    Tai Sakuma and Renato Santana and Andrea Sartirana and Heidi Schellman and
+    Jaroslava Schovancová and Steven Schramm and Markus Schulz and Andrea
+    Sciabà and Sally Seidel and Sezen Sekmen and Cedric Serfon and Horst
+    Severini and Elizabeth Sexton-Kennedy and Michael Seymour and Davide
+    Sgalaberna and Illya Shapoval and Jamie Shiers and Jing-Ge Shiu and Hannah
+    Short and Gian Piero Siroli and Sam Skipsey and Tim Smith and Scott Snyder
+    and Michael D. Sokoloff and Panagiotis Spentzouris and Hartmut Stadie and
+    Giordon Stark and Gordon Stewart and Graeme A. Stewart and Arturo Sánchez
+    and Alberto Sánchez-Hernández and Anyes Taffard and Umberto Tamponi and
+    Jeff Templon and Giacomo Tenaglia and Vakhtang Tsulaia and Christopher
+    Tunnell and Eric Vaandering and Andrea Valassi and Sofia Vallecorsa and
+    Liviu Valsan and Peter Van Gemmeren and Renaud Vernet and Brett Viren and
+    Jean-Roch Vlimant and Christian Voss and Margaret Votava and Carl Vuosalo
+    and Carlos Vázquez Sierra and Romain Wartel and Gordon T. Watts and Torre
+    Wenaus and Sandro Wenzel and Mike Williams and Frank Winklmeier and
+    Christoph Wissing and Frank Wuerthwein and Benjamin Wynne and Zhang Xiaomei
+    and Wei Yang and Efe Yazgan}, Title = {{A Roadmap for HEP Software and
+      Computing R\&D for the 2020s}}, Year = {2017}, Eprint = {arXiv:1712.06982},
+}
+
+@online{scitokens,
+  title = {{The SciTokens project}},
+  url = {https://scitokens.org},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{kubernetes,
+  title = {{The Kubernetes container orchestrator}},
+  url = {https://kubernetes.io},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{openstack,
+  title = {{The Openstack IAAS framework}},
+  url = {https://www.openstack.org},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{fts,
+  title = {{The CERN File Transfer Service}},
+  url = {https://fts.web.cern.ch},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{storm,
+  title = {{The StoRM storage element}},
+  url = {https://italiangrid.github.io/storm},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{dcache,
+  title = {{The dCache storage solution}},
+  url = {https://dcache.org},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{oidc-rande,
+  title = {{The OpenID Research \& Education working group}},
+  url = {https://openid.net/wg/rande},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@techreport{voms-ac-format,
+  author = {Vincenzo Ciaschini and Valerio Venturi and Andrea Ceccanti},
+  title = {{The VOMS Attribute Certificate format }},
+  year = {2011},
+  month = {August},
+  publisher = {Open Grid Forum},
+  institution = {Open Grid Forum},
+  url = {https://www.ogf.org/documents/GFD.182.pdf}
+}
+
+@online{aarc-blueprint,
+  title = {{The AARC Blueprint Architecture}},
+  url = {https://aarc-project.eu/architecture},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{rcauth-ssh,
+  title = {{RCAuth.eu: getting proxies using SSH key AuthN}},
+  author = {Mischa Sall\'e},
+  url = {https://indico.cern.ch/event/669715/contributions/2739035/attachments/1532101/2398499/RCauth_SSH_wlcg_authz_wg.pdf},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{oauth4myproxy,
+  title = {{OAuth for MyProxy}},
+  url = {http://grid.ncsa.illinois.edu/myproxy/oauth/},
+  urldate = {2019-03-18}
+}
+
+@online{rcauth,
+  title = {{The RCAuth online CA}},
+  url = {https://rcauth.eu},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{dodas,
+  title = {{Dynamic On Demand Analysis Service: DODAS}},
+  url = {https://dodas-ts.github.io/dodas-doc},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{eosc-hub,
+  title = {{The EOSC-Hub project}},
+  url = {https://www.eosc-hub.eu},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{aarc,
+  title = {{The AARC project}},
+  url = {https://aarc-project.eu},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{fim4r,
+  title = {{Federated Identity Management for Research}},
+  url = {https://fim4r.org},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{wlcg-authz-wg,
+  title = {{The WLCG Authorization Working Group}},
+  url = {https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/LCG/WLCGAuthorizationWG},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{nikhef,
+  title = {{The Dutch National Insititute for Sub-atomic Physics}},
+  url = {https://www.nikhef.nl},
+  urldate = {2019-5-10}
+}
+
+@misc{indigo-datacloud,
+  Author = {INDIGO-DataCloud Collaboration and  : and Davide Salomoni and Isabel
+    Campos and Luciano Gaido and Jesus Marco de Lucas and Peter Solagna and Jorge
+      Gomes and Ludek Matyska and Patrick Fuhrman and Marcus Hardt and Giacinto
+      Donvito and Lukasz Dutka and Marcin Plociennik and Roberto Barbera and
+      Ignacio Blanquer and Andrea Ceccanti and Mario David and Cristina Duma and
+      Alvaro López-García and Germán Moltó and Pablo Orviz and Zdenek Sustr and
+      Matthew Viljoen and Fernando Aguilar and Luis Alves and Marica Antonacci
+      and Lucio Angelo Antonelli and Stefano Bagnasco and Alexandre M. J. J.
+      Bonvin and Riccardo Bruno and Eva Cetinic and Yin Chen and Alessandro Costa
+      and Davor Davidovic and Benjamin Ertl and Marco Fargetta and Sandro Fiore
+      and Stefano Gallozzi and Zeynep Kurkcuoglu and Lara Lloret and Joao Martins
+      and Alessandra Nuzzo and Paola Nassisi and Cosimo Palazzo and Joao Pina and
+      Eva Sciacca and Daniele Spiga and Marco Antonio Tangaro and Michal Urbaniak
+      and Sara Vallero and Bas Wegh and Valentina Zaccolo and Federico Zambelli
+      and Tomasz Zok},
+  Title = {{INDIGO-DataCloud:A data and computing platform to facilitate seamless
+    access to e-infrastructures}},
+  Year = {2017},
+  Eprint = {arXiv:1711.01981},
+}
+
+@online{kubernetes-labels,
+  title = {{Kubernetes labels and selectors}},
+  url = {https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{spid,
+  title = {{Sistema Pubblico di Identità Digitale}},
+  url = {https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{hr-db-api-service,
+  title = {{CERN HR DB API service }},
+  url = {https://baltig.infn.it/aceccant/cern-hr-db-service},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@online{cern-openshift,
+  title = {{CERN Openshift PAAS infrastructure}},
+  url = {http://information-technology.web.cern.ch/services/PaaS-Web-App},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+@online{keycloak,
+  title = {{The Keycloak Identity and Access Management system}},
+  url = {https://www.keycloak.org/},
+  urldate = {2018-12-03}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{cern-sso,
+	doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/119/8/082008},
+	url = {https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1742-6596%2F119%2F8%2F082008},
+	year = 2008,
+	volume = {119},
+	number = {8},
+	pages = {082008},
+	author = {E Ormancey},
+	title = {{CERN} single sign on solution},
+	booktitle = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}
+}
+
+@inproceedings{voms-convergence,
+  author={Andrea Ceccanti and Vincenzo Ciaschini and Maria Dimou and Gabriele Garzoglio and Tanya Levshina and Steve Traylen and Valerio Venturi},
+  title={{VOMS/VOMRS utilization patterns and convergence plan}},
+  booktitle={Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
+  volume={219},
+  number={6},
+  pages={062006},
+  url={http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/219/i=6/a=062006},
+  year={2010}
+}

contributions/sd_iam/iopams.sty

+%% 
+%% This is file `iopams.sty'
+%% File to include AMS fonts and extra definitions for bold greek 
+%% characters for use with iopart.cls
+%%
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesPackage{iopams}[1997/02/13 v1.0]
+\RequirePackage{amsgen}[1995/01/01]
+\RequirePackage{amsfonts}[1995/01/01]
+\RequirePackage{amssymb}[1995/01/01]
+\RequirePackage{amsbsy}[1995/01/01]
+%
+\iopamstrue   % \newif\ifiopams in iopart.cls & iopbk2e.cls
+%             % allows optional text to be in author guidelines
+%
+% Bold lower case Greek letters
+%
+\newcommand{\balpha}{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}
+\newcommand{\bbeta}{\boldsymbol{\beta}}
+\newcommand{\bgamma}{\boldsymbol{\gamma}}
+\newcommand{\bdelta}{\boldsymbol{\delta}}
+\newcommand{\bepsilon}{\boldsymbol{\epsilon}}
+\newcommand{\bzeta}{\boldsymbol{\zeta}}
+\newcommand{\bfeta}{\boldsymbol{\eta}}
+\newcommand{\btheta}{\boldsymbol{\theta}}
+\newcommand{\biota}{\boldsymbol{\iota}}
+\newcommand{\bkappa}{\boldsymbol{\kappa}}
+\newcommand{\blambda}{\boldsymbol{\lambda}}
+\newcommand{\bmu}{\boldsymbol{\mu}}
+\newcommand{\bnu}{\boldsymbol{\nu}}
+\newcommand{\bxi}{\boldsymbol{\xi}}
+\newcommand{\bpi}{\boldsymbol{\pi}}
+\newcommand{\brho}{\boldsymbol{\rho}}
+\newcommand{\bsigma}{\boldsymbol{\sigma}}
+\newcommand{\btau}{\boldsymbol{\tau}}
+\newcommand{\bupsilon}{\boldsymbol{\upsilon}}
+\newcommand{\bphi}{\boldsymbol{\phi}}
+\newcommand{\bchi}{\boldsymbol{\chi}}
+\newcommand{\bpsi}{\boldsymbol{\psi}}
+\newcommand{\bomega}{\boldsymbol{\omega}}
+\newcommand{\bvarepsilon}{\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}}
+\newcommand{\bvartheta}{\boldsymbol{\vartheta}}
+\newcommand{\bvaromega}{\boldsymbol{\varomega}}
+\newcommand{\bvarrho}{\boldsymbol{\varrho}}
+\newcommand{\bvarzeta}{\boldsymbol{\varsigma}}  %NB really sigma
+\newcommand{\bvarsigma}{\boldsymbol{\varsigma}}
+\newcommand{\bvarphi}{\boldsymbol{\varphi}}
+%
+% Bold upright capital Greek letters
+%
+\newcommand{\bGamma}{\boldsymbol{\Gamma}}
+\newcommand{\bDelta}{\boldsymbol{\Delta}}
+\newcommand{\bTheta}{\boldsymbol{\Theta}}
+\newcommand{\bLambda}{\boldsymbol{\Lambda}}
+\newcommand{\bXi}{\boldsymbol{\Xi}}
+\newcommand{\bPi}{\boldsymbol{\Pi}}
+\newcommand{\bSigma}{\boldsymbol{\Sigma}}
+\newcommand{\bUpsilon}{\boldsymbol{\Upsilon}}
+\newcommand{\bPhi}{\boldsymbol{\Phi}}
+\newcommand{\bPsi}{\boldsymbol{\Psi}}
+\newcommand{\bOmega}{\boldsymbol{\Omega}}
+%
+% Bold versions of miscellaneous symbols
+%
+\newcommand{\bpartial}{\boldsymbol{\partial}}
+\newcommand{\bell}{\boldsymbol{\ell}}
+\newcommand{\bimath}{\boldsymbol{\imath}}
+\newcommand{\bjmath}{\boldsymbol{\jmath}}
+\newcommand{\binfty}{\boldsymbol{\infty}}
+\newcommand{\bnabla}{\boldsymbol{\nabla}}
+\newcommand{\bdot}{\boldsymbol{\cdot}}
+%
+% Symbols for caption
+%
+\renewcommand{\opensquare}{\mbox{$\square$}}
+\renewcommand{\opentriangle}{\mbox{$\vartriangle$}}
+\renewcommand{\opentriangledown}{\mbox{$\triangledown$}}
+\renewcommand{\opendiamond}{\mbox{$\lozenge$}}
+\renewcommand{\fullsquare}{\mbox{$\blacksquare$}}
+\newcommand{\fulldiamond}{\mbox{$\blacklozenge$}}
+\newcommand{\fullstar}{\mbox{$\bigstar$}}
+\newcommand{\fulltriangle}{\mbox{$\blacktriangle$}}
+\newcommand{\fulltriangledown}{\mbox{$\blacktriangledown$}}
+
+\endinput
+%% 
+%% End of file `iopams.sty'.

contributions/sd_iam/jpconf.cls

+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{jpconf}
+              [2007/03/07 v1.1
+ LaTeX class for Journal of Physics: Conference Series]
+%\RequirePackage{graphicx}
+\newcommand\@ptsize{1}
+\newif\if@restonecol
+\newif\if@letterpaper
+\newif\if@titlepage
+\newif\ifiopams
+\@titlepagefalse
+\@letterpaperfalse
+\DeclareOption{a4paper}
+   {\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
+    \setlength\paperwidth  {210mm}%
+\@letterpaperfalse}
+\DeclareOption{letterpaper}
+   {\setlength\paperheight {279.4mm}%
+    \setlength\paperwidth  {215.9mm}%
+\@letterpapertrue}
+\DeclareOption{landscape}
+   {\setlength\@tempdima   {\paperheight}%
+    \setlength\paperheight {\paperwidth}%
+    \setlength\paperwidth  {\@tempdima}}
+\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue}
+\renewcommand\@ptsize{1}
+%\ExecuteOptions{A4paper, twoside}
+\ExecuteOptions{A4paper}
+\ProcessOptions
+\DeclareMathAlphabet{\bi}{OML}{cmm}{b}{it}
+\DeclareMathAlphabet{\bcal}{OMS}{cmsy}{b}{n}
+\input{jpconf1\@ptsize.clo}
+\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
+\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
+\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
+\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
+\@lowpenalty   51
+\@medpenalty  151
+\@highpenalty 301
+\setlength\parindent{5mm}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{8}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{1}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.99}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{8}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{0.01}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.8}
+\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{6}
+\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{1}
+\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.8}
+\renewcommand{\title}{\@ifnextchar[{\@stitle}{\@ftitle}}
+\pretolerance=5000
+\tolerance=8000
+% Headings for all pages apart from first
+%
+\def\ps@headings{%
+     \let\@oddfoot\@empty
+     \let\@evenfoot\@empty
+     \let\@oddhead\@empty
+     \let\@evenhead\@empty
+      %\def\@evenhead{\thepage\hfil\itshape\rightmark}%
+      %\def\@oddhead{{\itshape\leftmark}\hfil\thepage}%
+      %\def\@evenhead{{\itshape Journal of Physics: Conference Series}\hfill}%
+      %\def\@oddhead{\hfill {\itshape Journal of Physics: Conference Series}}%%
+      \let\@mkboth\markboth
+      \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+      \let\subsectionmark\@gobble}
+%
+% Headings for first page
+%
+\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
+    \let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty
+    \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
+    \let\sectionmark\@gobble
+    \let\subsectionmark\@gobble}
+%
+\def\@stitle[#1]#2{\markboth{#1}{#1}%
+    %\pagestyle{empty}%
+     \thispagestyle{myheadings}
+    \vspace*{25mm}{\exhyphenpenalty=10000\hyphenpenalty=10000 
+    %\Large
+\fontsize{18bp}{24bp}\selectfont\bf\raggedright\noindent#2\par}}
+\def\@ftitle#1{\markboth{#1}{#1}%
+    \thispagestyle{myheadings}
+%\pagestyle{empty}%
+    \vspace*{25mm}{\exhyphenpenalty=10000\hyphenpenalty=10000 
+    %\Large\raggedright\noindent\bf#1\par}
+\fontsize{18bp}{24bp}\selectfont\bf\noindent\raggedright#1\par}}
+%AUTHOR
+\renewcommand{\author}{\@ifnextchar[{\@sauthor}{\@fauthor}}
+\def\@sauthor[#1]#2{\markright{#1}    % for production only
+   \vspace*{1.5pc}%
+   \begin{indented}%
+   \item[]\normalsize\bf\raggedright#2
+   \end{indented}%
+   \smallskip}
+\def\@fauthor#1{%\markright{#1} for production only
+   \vspace*{1.5pc}%
+   \begin{indented}%
+   \item[]\normalsize\bf\raggedright#1
+   \end{indented}%
+   \smallskip}
+%E-MAIL
+\def\eads#1{\vspace*{5pt}\address{E-mail: #1}}
+\def\ead#1{\vspace*{5pt}\address{E-mail: \mailto{#1}}}
+\def\mailto#1{{\tt #1}}
+%ADDRESS
+\newcommand{\address}[1]{\begin{indented}
+   \item[]\rm\raggedright #1
+   \end{indented}}
+\newlength{\indentedwidth}
+\newdimen\mathindent
+\mathindent = 6pc
+\indentedwidth=\mathindent
+% FOOTNOTES
+%\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
+%  \kern-3\p@
+%  \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
+%  \kern2.6\p@}
+%\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
+%    \parindent 1em%
+%    \noindent
+%    \hb@xt@1.8em{\hss\@makefnmark}#1}
+% Footnotes: symbols selected in same order as address indicators
+% unless optional argument of [<num>] use to specify required symbol, 
+% 1=\dag, 2=\ddag, etc
+% Usage: \footnote{Text of footnote}
+%        \footnote[3]{Text of footnote}
+%
+\def\footnoterule{}%
+\setcounter{footnote}{0}
+\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent 
+ \makebox[1em][l]{\footnotesize\rm$\m@th{\fnsymbol{footnote}}$}%
+ \footnotesize\rm #1}
+\def\@makefnmark{\normalfnmark}
+\def\normalfnmark{\hbox{${\fnsymbol{footnote}}\m@th$}}
+\def\altfnmark{\hbox{$^{\rm Note}\ {\fnsymbol{footnote}}\m@th$}}
+\def\footNote#1{\let\@makefnmark\altfnmark\footnote{#1}\let\@makefnmark\normalfnmark}
+\def\@thefnmark{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
+\def\footnote{\protect\pfootnote}
+\def\pfootnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\stepcounter{\@mpfn}%
+       \begingroup\let\protect\noexpand
+       \xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\endgroup
+     \@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
+\def\@xfootnote[#1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}%
+   \addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
+
+\newcommand\ftnote{\protect\pftnote}
+\newcommand\pftnote[1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}%
+   \addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
+\newcommand{\fnm}[1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}\footnotetext}
+
+\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifnum\thefootnote=99\hbox{*}\else^{\thefootnote}\fi\relax}
+%
+% Address marker
+%
+\newcommand{\ad}[1]{\noindent\hbox{$^{#1}$}\relax}
+\newcommand{\adnote}[2]{\noindent\hbox{$^{#1,}$}\setcounter{footnote}{#2}%
+   \addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
+\def\@tnote{}
+\newcounter{oldftnote}
+\newcommand{\tnote}[1]{*\gdef\@tnote{%
+   \setcounter{oldftnote}{\c@footnote}%
+   \setcounter{footnote}{99}%
+   \footnotetext{#1}%
+   \setcounter{footnote}{\c@oldftnote}\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}}}
+%==================
+% Acknowledgments (no heading if letter)
+% Usage \ack for Acknowledgments, \ackn for Acknowledgement
+\def\ack{\section*{Acknowledgments}}
+\def\ackn{\section*{Acknowledgment}}
+%SECTION DEFINITIONS
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\newcounter {section}
+\newcounter {subsection}[section]
+\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
+\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
+\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
+\renewcommand \thesection {\arabic{section}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsection   {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
+\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
+\renewcommand\theparagraph    {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
+\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
+%\nosections
+\def\nosections{\vspace{30\p@ plus12\p@ minus12\p@}
+    \noindent\ignorespaces}
+
+%\renewcommand{\@startsection}[6]
+%{%
+%\if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
+%\par
+%  \@tempskipa #4\relax
+%%\@tempskipa 0pt\relax
+%  \@afterindenttrue
+%  \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
+%    \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
+%  \fi
+%  \if@nobreak
+%    \everypar{}%
+%  \else
+%    \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
+%  \fi
+%  \@ifstar
+%    {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
+%    {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
+%\renewcommand{\@sect}[8]{%
+%  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+%    \let\@svsec\@empty
+%  \else
+%   \refstepcounter{#1}%
+%    \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+%  \fi
+%  \@tempskipa #5\relax
+%  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+%    \begingroup
+%      #6{%
+%        \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+%          \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+%    \endgroup
+%    \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+%    \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+%      \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+%        \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+%      \fi
+%      #7}%
+%  \else
+%    \def\@svsechd{%
+%      #6{\hskip #3\relax
+%      \@svsec #8}%
+%      \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+%      \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+%        \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+%          \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+%        \fi
+%        #7}}%
+%  \fi
+% \@xsect{#5}}
+%\renewcommand{\@xsect}[1]{%
+%  \@tempskipa #1\relax
+%  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+%    \par \nobreak
+%    \vskip \@tempskipa
+%    \@afterheading
+%  \else
+%    \@nobreakfalse
+%    \global\@noskipsectrue
+%    \everypar{%
+%      \if@noskipsec
+%        \global\@noskipsecfalse
+%       {\setbox\z@\lastbox}%
+%        \clubpenalty\@M
+%        \begingroup \@svsechd \endgroup
+%        \unskip
+%        \@tempskipa #1\relax
+%        \hskip -\@tempskipa
+%      \else
+%        \clubpenalty \@clubpenalty
+%        \everypar{}%
+%      \fi}%
+%  \fi
+%  \ignorespaces}
+%========================================================================
+\newcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
+                   {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
+                   {1sp}%
+                   {\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries\raggedright}}
+\newcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+                   {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
+                   {1sp}%
+                   {\reset@font\normalsize\itshape\raggedright}}
+\newcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+                                     {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
+                                     {-1em \@plus .2em}%
+                                     {\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
+\newcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+                                    {3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
+                                    {-1em}%
+                                    {\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
+\newcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}%
+                                       {3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
+                                       {-1em}%
+                                      {\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+     \let\@svsec\@empty\else
+     \refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname. }\fi
+     \@tempskipa #5\relax
+      \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+        \begingroup #6\relax
+          \noindent{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}%
+        \endgroup
+       \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
+         {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+                      \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
+                    #7}\else
+        \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\relax  %% \relax added 2 May 90
+                   \@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname
+                      {#7}\addcontentsline
+                           {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+                             \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
+                       #7}}\fi
+     \@xsect{#5}}
+%
+\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
+   \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+     \begingroup #4\noindent{\hskip #1}{\interlinepenalty \@M #5\par}\endgroup
+   \else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5}\fi
+    \@xsect{#3}}
+% LIST DEFINITIONS
+\setlength\leftmargini  {2em}
+\leftmargin  \leftmargini
+\setlength\leftmarginii  {2em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.8em}
+\setlength\leftmarginiv  {1.6em}
+  \setlength\leftmarginv  {1em}
+  \setlength\leftmarginvi {1em}
+\setlength\leftmargin{\leftmargini}
+\setlength  \labelsep  {.5em}
+\setlength  \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
+\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
+\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
+\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
+\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty
+\renewcommand\theenumi{\roman{enumi}}
+\renewcommand\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
+\renewcommand\theenumiii{\arabic{enumiii}}
+\renewcommand\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
+\newcommand\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}
+\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
+\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\newcommand\labelenumiv{(\theenumiv)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumii{(\theenumi)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiii{(\theenumi.\theenumii)}
+\renewcommand\p@enumiv{(\theenumi.\theenumii.\theenumiii)}
+\newcommand\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
+\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
+\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\ast$}
+\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
+\renewcommand \theequation {\@arabic\c@equation}
+
+%%%%%%%%%%%%% Figures
+\newcounter{figure}
+\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
+\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+\def\ftype@figure{1}
+\def\ext@figure{lof}
+\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+\newenvironment{figure}{\footnotesize\rm\@float{figure}}%
+    {\end@float\normalsize\rm}
+\newenvironment{figure*}{\footnotesize\rm\@dblfloat{figure}}{\end@dblfloat}
+\newcounter{table}
+\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+\def\fps@table{tbp}
+\def\ftype@table{2}
+\def\ext@table{lot}
+\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+\newenvironment{table}{\footnotesize\rm\@float{table}}%
+   {\end@float\normalsize\rm}
+\newenvironment{table*}{\footnotesize\rm\@dblfloat{table}}%
+   {\end@dblfloat\normalsize\rm}
+\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+%Table Environments
+%\newenvironment{tableref}[3][\textwidth]{%
+%\begin{center}%
+%\begin{table}%
+%\captionsetup[table]{width=#1}
+%\centering\caption{\label{#2}#3}}{\end{table}\end{center}}
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+%\newcounter{figure}
+%\renewcommand \thefigure {\@arabic\c@figure}
+%\def\fps@figure{tbp}
+%\def\ftype@figure{1}
+%\def\ext@figure{lof}
+%\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
+%ENVIRONMENT: figure
+%\newenvironment{figure}
+%               {\@float{figure}}
+%               {\end@float}
+%ENVIRONMENT: figure*
+%\newenvironment{figure*}
+%               {\@dblfloat{figure}}
+%               {\end@dblfloat}
+%ENVIRONMENT: table
+%\newcounter{table}
+%\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
+%\def\fps@table{tbp}
+%\def\ftype@table{2}
+%\def\ext@table{lot}
+%\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
+%\newenvironment{table}
+%               {\@float{table}}
+%               {\end@float}
+%ENVIRONMENT: table*
+%\newenvironment{table*}
+%               {\@dblfloat{table}}
+%               {\end@dblfloat}
+%\newlength\abovecaptionskip
+%\newlength\belowcaptionskip
+%\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
+%\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
+% CAPTIONS
+% Added redefinition of \@caption so captions are not written to 
+% aux file therefore less need to \protect fragile commands
+%
+\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\begingroup
+    \@parboxrestore
+    \normalsize
+    \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
+  \endgroup}
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+  \vskip\abovecaptionskip
+  \sbox\@tempboxa{{\bf #1.} #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+   {\bf #1.} #2\par
+ \else
+    \global \@minipagefalse
+    \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+  \fi
+  \vskip\belowcaptionskip}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
+\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
+\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
+%\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
+%\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
+%\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
+%\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
+%\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
+%    \section*{\contentsname
+%        \@mkboth{%
+%           \MakeUppercase\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}}%
+%    \@starttoc{toc}%
+%    }
+%\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
+%  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
+%    \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+%    \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
+%    \begingroup
+%      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+%      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+%      {\leavevmode
+%       \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
+%       \nobreak
+%       \if@compatibility
+%         \global\@nobreaktrue
+%         \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
+%      \fi
+%    \endgroup
+%  \fi}
+%\newcommand*\l@section[2]{%
+%  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\z@
+%    \addpenalty\@secpenalty
+%    \addvspace{1.0em \@plus\p@}%
+%    \setlength\@tempdima{1.5em}%
+%    \begingroup
+%      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
+%      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
+%      \leavevmode \bfseries
+%      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima
+%      \hskip -\leftskip
+%      #1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
+%    \endgroup
+%  \fi}
+%\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+%\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
+%\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
+%\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
+%\newcommand\listoffigures{%
+%    \section*{\listfigurename
+%      \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}%
+%              {\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}}%
+%    \@starttoc{lof}%
+%    }
+%\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
+%\newcommand\listoftables{%
+%    \section*{\listtablename
+%      \@mkboth{%
+%          \MakeUppercase\listtablename}{\MakeUppercase\listtablename}}%
+%    \@starttoc{lot}%
+%    }
+%\let\l@table\l@figure
+%======================================
+%ENVIRONMENTS
+%======================================
+%ENVIRONMENT: indented
+\newenvironment{indented}{\begin{indented}}{\end{indented}}
+\newenvironment{varindent}[1]{\begin{varindent}{#1}}{\end{varindent}}
+%
+\def\indented{\list{}{\itemsep=0\p@\labelsep=0\p@\itemindent=0\p@
+   \labelwidth=0\p@\leftmargin=\mathindent\topsep=0\p@\partopsep=0\p@
+   \parsep=0\p@\listparindent=15\p@}\footnotesize\rm}
+\let\endindented=\endlist 
+\def\varindent#1{\setlength{\varind}{#1}%
+   \list{}{\itemsep=0\p@\labelsep=0\p@\itemindent=0\p@
+   \labelwidth=0\p@\leftmargin=\varind\topsep=0\p@\partopsep=0\p@
+   \parsep=0\p@\listparindent=15\p@}\footnotesize\rm}
+\let\endvarindent=\endlist 
+%ENVIRONMENT: abstract
+\newenvironment{abstract}{%
+      \vspace{16pt plus3pt minus3pt}
+      \begin{indented}
+      \item[]{\bfseries \abstractname.}\quad\rm\ignorespaces} 
+      {\end{indented}\vspace{10mm}}
+%ENVIRONMENT: description
+\newenvironment{description}
+               {\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
+                        \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
+               {\endlist}
+\newcommand\descriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep
+                                \normalfont\bfseries #1}
+%ENVIRONMENT: quotation
+\newenvironment{quotation}
+               {\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
+                        \itemindent    \listparindent
+                        \rightmargin   \leftmargin
+                        \parsep        \z@ \@plus\p@}%
+                \item[]}
+               {\endlist}
+%ENVIRONMENT: quote
+\newenvironment{quote}
+               {\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
+                \item[]}
+               {\endlist}
+%ENVIRONMENT: verse
+\newenvironment{verse}
+               {\let\\=\@centercr
+                \list{}{\itemsep      \z@
+                        \itemindent   -1.5em%
+                        \listparindent\itemindent
+                        \rightmargin  \leftmargin
+                        \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
+                \item[]}
+               {\endlist}
+%ENVIRONMENT: bibliography
+\newdimen\bibindent
+\setlength\bibindent{1.5em}
+\def\thebibliography#1{\list
+ {\hfil[\arabic{enumi}]}{\topsep=0\p@\parsep=0\p@
+ \partopsep=0\p@\itemsep=0\p@
+ \labelsep=5\p@\itemindent=-10\p@
+ \settowidth\labelwidth{\footnotesize[#1]}%
+ \leftmargin\labelwidth
+ \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+ \advance\leftmargin -\itemindent
+ \usecounter{enumi}}\footnotesize
+ \def\newblock{\ }
+ \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
+ \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
+\let\endthebibliography=\endlist
+\def\numrefs#1{\begin{thebibliography}{#1}}
+\def\endnumrefs{\end{thebibliography}}
+\let\endbib=\endnumrefs
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+
+%\newenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
+%    {\section*{References}
+%      \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+%           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
+%            \leftmargin\labelwidth
+%           \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+%             \@openbib@code
+%            \usecounter{enumiv}%
+%            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
+%            \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
+%      \sloppy
+%      \clubpenalty4000
+%      \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty
+%      \widowpenalty4000%
+%      \sfcode`\.\@m}
+%     {\def\@noitemerr
+%       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
+%      \endlist}
+%\newcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em\@plus.33em\@minus.07em}
+%\let\@openbib@code\@empty
+%ENVIRONMENT: theindex
+\newenvironment{theindex}
+               {\if@twocolumn
+                  \@restonecolfalse
+                \else
+                  \@restonecoltrue
+                \fi
+                \columnseprule \z@
+                \columnsep 35\p@
+                \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
+                \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+                        {\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
+                \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
+                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
+                \let\item\@idxitem}
+               {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
+\newcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
+\newcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
+\newcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
+\newcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
+%=====================
+\def\appendix{\@ifnextchar*{\@appendixstar}{\@appendix}}
+\def\@appendix{\eqnobysec\@appendixstar}
+\def\@appendixstar{\@@par
+ \ifnumbysec                         %  Added 30/4/94 to get Table A1,
+ \@addtoreset{table}{section}        %  Table B1 etc if numbering by
+ \@addtoreset{figure}{section}\fi    %  section
+ \setcounter{section}{0}
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}
+ \setcounter{subsubsection}{0}
+ \setcounter{equation}{0}
+ \setcounter{figure}{0}
+ \setcounter{table}{0}
+ \def\thesection{Appendix \Alph{section}}   
+ \def\theequation{\ifnumbysec
+      \Alph{section}.\arabic{equation}\else
+      \Alph{section}\arabic{equation}\fi}  % Comment A\arabic{equation} maybe
+ \def\thetable{\ifnumbysec                 % better? 15/4/95
+      \Alph{section}\arabic{table}\else
+      A\arabic{table}\fi}
+ \def\thefigure{\ifnumbysec
+      \Alph{section}\arabic{figure}\else
+      A\arabic{figure}\fi}}
+\def\noappendix{\setcounter{figure}{0}
+     \setcounter{table}{0}
+     \def\thetable{\arabic{table}}
+     \def\thefigure{\arabic{figure}}}
+\setlength\arraycolsep{5\p@}
+\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
+\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
+\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
+\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
+\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
+\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
+\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}
+\renewcommand\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
+% NAME OF STRUCTURES
+\newcommand\contentsname{Contents}
+\newcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
+\newcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
+\newcommand\refname{References}
+\newcommand\indexname{Index}
+\newcommand\figurename{Figure}
+\newcommand\tablename{Table}
+\newcommand\partname{Part}
+\newcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
+\newcommand\abstractname{Abstract}
+%Miscellaneous commands
+\newcommand{\BibTeX}{{\rm B\kern-.05em{\sc i\kern-.025em b}\kern-.08em
+    T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}
+\newcommand{\jpcsit}{{\bfseries\itshape\selectfont Journal of Physics: Conference Series}}
+\newcommand{\jpcs}{{\itshape\selectfont Journal of Physics: Conference Series}}
+\newcommand{\iopp}{IOP Publishing}
+\newcommand{\cls}{{\upshape\selectfont\texttt{jpconf.cls}}}
+\newcommand{\corg}{conference organizer}
+\newcommand\today{\number\day\space\ifcase\month\or
+  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
+  \space\number\year}
+    \setlength\columnsep{10\p@}
+\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}
+\newcommand{\Tables}{\clearpage\section*{Tables and table captions}
+\def\fps@table{hp}\noappendix}
+\newcommand{\Figures}{\clearpage\section*{Figure captions}
+    \def\fps@figure{hp}\noappendix}
+%
+\newcommand{\Figure}[1]{\begin{figure}
+  \caption{#1}
+  \end{figure}}
+%
+\newcommand{\Table}[1]{\begin{table}
+  \caption{#1}
+  \begin{indented}
+  \lineup
+  \item[]\begin{tabular}{@{}l*{15}{l}}}
+\def\endTable{\end{tabular}\end{indented}\end{table}}
+\let\endtab=\endTable
+%
+\newcommand{\fulltable}[1]{\begin{table}
+  \caption{#1}
+  \lineup
+  \begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{}l*{15}{@{\extracolsep{0pt plus 12pt}}l}}}
+\def\endfulltable{\end{tabular*}\end{table}}
+%BIBLIOGRAPHY and References
+%\newcommand{\Bibliography}[1]{\section*{References}\par\numrefs{#1}}
+%\newcommand{\References}{\section*{References}\par\refs}
+%\def\thebibliography#1{\list
+% {\hfil[\arabic{enumi}]}{\topsep=0\p@\parsep=0\p@
+% \partopsep=0\p@\itemsep=0\p@
+% \labelsep=5\p@\itemindent=-10\p@
+% \settowidth\labelwidth{\footnotesize[#1]}%
+% \leftmargin\labelwidth
+% \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
+% \advance\leftmargin -\itemindent
+% \usecounter{enumi}}\footnotesize
+% \def\newblock{\ }
+% \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
+% \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
+%\let\endthebibliography=\endlist
+%\def\numrefs#1{\begin{thebibliography}{#1}}
+%\def\endnumrefs{\end{thebibliography}}
+%\let\endbib=\endnumrefs
+
+\def\thereferences{\list{}{\topsep=0\p@\parsep=0\p@
+ \partopsep=0\p@\itemsep=0\p@\labelsep=0\p@\itemindent=-18\p@
+\labelwidth=0\p@\leftmargin=18\p@
+}\footnotesize\rm
+\def\newblock{\ }
+\sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
+\sfcode`\.=1000\relax}%
+\let\endthereferences=\endlist
+% MISC EQUATRION STUFF
+%\def\[{\relax\ifmmode\@badmath\else
+% \begin{trivlist}
+% \@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+% \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+% \item[]\leavevmode
+% \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup$ \displaystyle
+% \hskip\mathindent\bgroup\fi}
+%\def\]{\relax\ifmmode \egroup $\hfil \egroup \end{trivlist}\else \@badmath \fi}
+%\def\equation{\@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
+% \@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
+%\refstepcounter{equation}\trivlist \item[]\leavevmode
+% \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup $ \displaystyle
+%\hskip\mathindent}
+%\def\endequation{$\hfil \displaywidth\linewidth\@eqnnum\egroup \endtrivlist}
+%\@namedef{equation*}{\[}
+%\@namedef{endequation*}{\]}
+%\def\eqnarray{\stepcounter{equation}\let\@currentlabel=\theequation
+%\global\@eqnswtrue
+%\global\@eqcnt\z@\tabskip\mathindent\let\\=\@eqncr
+%\abovedisplayskip\topsep\ifvmode\advance\abovedisplayskip\partopsep\fi
+%\belowdisplayskip\abovedisplayskip
+%\belowdisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+%\abovedisplayshortskip\abovedisplayskip
+%$$\halign to
+%\linewidth\bgroup\@eqnsel$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@
+% {##{}}$&\global\@eqcnt\@ne $\displaystyle{{}##{}}$\hfil
+% &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ $\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil
+% \tabskip\@centering&\llap{##}\tabskip\z@\cr}
+%\def\endeqnarray{\@@eqncr\egroup
+% \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne$$\global\@ignoretrue }
+%\mathindent = 6pc
+%%
+%\def\eqalign#1{\null\vcenter{\def\\{\cr}\openup\jot\m@th
+%  \ialign{\strut$\displaystyle{##}$\hfil&$\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil
+%      \crcr#1\crcr}}\,}
+%%
+%\def\eqalignno#1{\displ@y \tabskip\z@skip
+%  \halign to\displaywidth{\hspace{5pc}$\@lign\displaystyle{##}$%
+%    \tabskip\z@skip
+%    &$\@lign\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfill\tabskip\@centering
+%    &\llap{$\@lign\hbox{\rm##}$}\tabskip\z@skip\crcr
+%    #1\crcr}}
+%%
+\newif\ifnumbysec
+\def\theequation{\ifnumbysec
+      \arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}\else
+      \arabic{equation}\fi}
+\def\eqnobysec{\numbysectrue\@addtoreset{equation}{section}}
+\newcounter{eqnval}
+\def\numparts{\addtocounter{equation}{1}%
+     \setcounter{eqnval}{\value{equation}}%
+     \setcounter{equation}{0}%
+     \def\theequation{\ifnumbysec
+     \arabic{section}.\arabic{eqnval}{\it\alph{equation}}%
+     \else\arabic{eqnval}{\it\alph{equation}}\fi}}
+\def\endnumparts{\def\theequation{\ifnumbysec
+     \arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}\else
+     \arabic{equation}\fi}%
+     \setcounter{equation}{\value{eqnval}}}
+%
+\def\cases#1{%
+     \left\{\,\vcenter{\def\\{\cr}\normalbaselines\openup1\jot\m@th%
+     \ialign{\strut$\displaystyle{##}\hfil$&\tqs
+     \rm##\hfil\crcr#1\crcr}}\right.}%
+\def\eqalign#1{\null\vcenter{\def\\{\cr}\openup\jot\m@th
+  \ialign{\strut$\displaystyle{##}$\hfil&$\displaystyle{{}##}$\hfil
+      \crcr#1\crcr}}\,}
+% OTHER  USEFUL BITS
+\newcommand{\e}{\mathrm{e}}
+\newcommand{\rme}{\mathrm{e}}
+\newcommand{\rmi}{\mathrm{i}}
+\newcommand{\rmd}{\mathrm{d}}
+\renewcommand{\qquad}{\hspace*{25pt}}
+\newcommand{\tdot}[1]{\stackrel{\dots}{#1}}   % Added 1/9/94
+\newcommand{\tqs}{\hspace*{25pt}}
+\newcommand{\fl}{\hspace*{-\mathindent}}
+\newcommand{\Tr}{\mathop{\mathrm{Tr}}\nolimits}
+\newcommand{\tr}{\mathop{\mathrm{tr}}\nolimits}
+\newcommand{\Or}{\mathord{\mathrm{O}}} %changed from \mathop 20/1/95
+\newcommand{\lshad}{[\![}
+\newcommand{\rshad}{]\!]}
+\newcommand{\case}[2]{{\textstyle\frac{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\pt(#1){({\it #1\/})}
+\newcommand{\dsty}{\displaystyle}
+\newcommand{\tsty}{\textstyle}
+\newcommand{\ssty}{\scriptstyle}
+\newcommand{\sssty}{\scriptscriptstyle}
+\def\lo#1{\llap{${}#1{}$}}
+\def\eql{\llap{${}={}$}}
+\def\lsim{\llap{${}\sim{}$}}
+\def\lsimeq{\llap{${}\simeq{}$}}
+\def\lequiv{\llap{${}\equiv{}$}}
+%
+\newcommand{\eref}[1]{(\ref{#1})}
+%\newcommand{\eqref}[1]{Equation (\ref{#1})}
+%\newcommand{\Eqref}[1]{Equation (\ref{#1})}
+\newcommand{\sref}[1]{section~\ref{#1}}
+\newcommand{\fref}[1]{figure~\ref{#1}}
+\newcommand{\tref}[1]{table~\ref{#1}}
+\newcommand{\Sref}[1]{Section~\ref{#1}}
+\newcommand{\Fref}[1]{Figure~\ref{#1}}
+\newcommand{\Tref}[1]{Table~\ref{#1}}
+\newcommand{\opencircle}{\mbox{\Large$\circ\,$}}  % moved Large outside maths
+\newcommand{\opensquare}{\mbox{$\rlap{$\sqcap$}\sqcup$}}
+\newcommand{\opentriangle}{\mbox{$\triangle$}}
+\newcommand{\opentriangledown}{\mbox{$\bigtriangledown$}}
+\newcommand{\opendiamond}{\mbox{$\diamondsuit$}}
+\newcommand{\fullcircle}{\mbox{{\Large$\bullet\,$}}} % moved Large outside maths
+\newcommand{\fullsquare}{\,\vrule height5pt depth0pt width5pt}
+\newcommand{\dotted}{\protect\mbox{${\mathinner{\cdotp\cdotp\cdotp\cdotp\cdotp\cdotp}}$}}
+\newcommand{\dashed}{\protect\mbox{-\; -\; -\; -}}
+\newcommand{\broken}{\protect\mbox{-- -- --}}
+\newcommand{\longbroken}{\protect\mbox{--- --- ---}}
+\newcommand{\chain}{\protect\mbox{--- $\cdot$ ---}}
+\newcommand{\dashddot}{\protect\mbox{--- $\cdot$ $\cdot$ ---}}
+\newcommand{\full}{\protect\mbox{------}}
+
+\def\;{\protect\psemicolon}
+\def\psemicolon{\relax\ifmmode\mskip\thickmuskip\else\kern .3333em\fi}
+\def\lineup{\def\0{\hbox{\phantom{0}}}%
+    \def\m{\hbox{$\phantom{-}$}}%
+    \def\-{\llap{$-$}}}
+%
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+% Tables rules      %
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+\newcommand{\boldarrayrulewidth}{1\p@} 
+% Width of bold rule in tabular environment.
+
+\def\bhline{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height  
+\boldarrayrulewidth \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline}
+
+\def\@xhline{\ifx\@tempa\hline\vskip \doublerulesep\fi
+      \ifnum0=`{\fi}}
+
+%
+% Rules for tables with extra space around
+%
+\newcommand{\br}{\ms\bhline\ms}
+\newcommand{\mr}{\ms\hline\ms}
+%
+\newcommand{\centre}[2]{\multispan{#1}{\hfill #2\hfill}}
+\newcommand{\crule}[1]{\multispan{#1}{\hspace*{\tabcolsep}\hrulefill
+  \hspace*{\tabcolsep}}}
+\newcommand{\fcrule}[1]{\ifnum\thetabtype=1\multispan{#1}{\hrulefill
+  \hspace*{\tabcolsep}}\else\multispan{#1}{\hrulefill}\fi}
+%
+% Extra spaces for tables and displayed equations
+%
+\newcommand{\ms}{\noalign{\vspace{3\p@ plus2\p@ minus1\p@}}}
+\newcommand{\bs}{\noalign{\vspace{6\p@ plus2\p@ minus2\p@}}}
+\newcommand{\ns}{\noalign{\vspace{-3\p@ plus-1\p@ minus-1\p@}}}
+\newcommand{\es}{\noalign{\vspace{6\p@ plus2\p@ minus2\p@}}\displaystyle}%
+%
+\newcommand{\etal}{{\it et al\/}\ }
+\newcommand{\dash}{------}
+\newcommand{\nonum}{\par\item[]}                %\par added 1/9/93
+\newcommand{\mat}[1]{\underline{\underline{#1}}}
+%
+% abbreviations for IOPP journals
+%
+\newcommand{\CQG}{{\it Class. Quantum Grav.} }
+\newcommand{\CTM}{{\it Combust. Theory Modelling\/} }
+\newcommand{\DSE}{{\it Distrib. Syst. Engng\/} }
+\newcommand{\EJP}{{\it Eur. J. Phys.} } 
+\newcommand{\HPP}{{\it High Perform. Polym.} }              % added 4/5/93
+\newcommand{\IP}{{\it Inverse Problems\/} }
+\newcommand{\JHM}{{\it J. Hard Mater.} }                    % added 4/5/93
+\newcommand{\JO}{{\it J. Opt.} }
+\newcommand{\JOA}{{\it J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.} }
+\newcommand{\JOB}{{\it J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
+\newcommand{\JPA}{{\it J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.} }
+\newcommand{\JPB}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys.} }      %1968-87
+\newcommand{\jpb}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.} } %1988 and onwards
+\newcommand{\JPC}{{\it J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys.} }   %1968--1988
+\newcommand{\JPCM}{{\it J. Phys.: Condens. Matter\/} }    %1989 and onwards
+\newcommand{\JPD}{{\it J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\JPE}{{\it J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum.} }
+\newcommand{\JPF}{{\it J. Phys. F: Met. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\JPG}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys.} }         %1975--1988
+\newcommand{\jpg}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.} }   %1989 and onwards
+\newcommand{\MSMSE}{{\it Modelling Simulation Mater. Sci. Eng.} }
+\newcommand{\MST}{{\it Meas. Sci. Technol.} }                 %1990 and onwards
+\newcommand{\NET}{{\it Network: Comput. Neural Syst.} }
+\newcommand{\NJP}{{\it New J. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\NL}{{\it Nonlinearity\/} }
+\newcommand{\NT}{{\it Nanotechnology} }
+\newcommand{\PAO}{{\it Pure Appl. Optics\/} }
+\newcommand{\PM}{{\it Physiol. Meas.} }                        % added 4/5/93
+\newcommand{\PMB}{{\it Phys. Med. Biol.} }
+\newcommand{\PPCF}{{\it Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion\/} }      % added 4/5/93
+\newcommand{\PSST}{{\it Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.} }
+\newcommand{\PUS}{{\it Public Understand. Sci.} }
+\newcommand{\QO}{{\it Quantum Opt.} }
+\newcommand{\QSO}{{\em Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
+\newcommand{\RPP}{{\it Rep. Prog. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\SLC}{{\it Sov. Lightwave Commun.} }               % added 4/5/93 
+\newcommand{\SST}{{\it Semicond. Sci. Technol.} }
+\newcommand{\SUST}{{\it Supercond. Sci. Technol.} }
+\newcommand{\WRM}{{\it Waves Random Media\/} }
+\newcommand{\JMM}{{\it J. Micromech. Microeng.\/} }
+%
+% Other commonly quoted journals
+%
+\newcommand{\AC}{{\it Acta Crystallogr.} }
+\newcommand{\AM}{{\it Acta Metall.} }
+\newcommand{\AP}{{\it Ann. Phys., Lpz.} }
+\newcommand{\APNY}{{\it Ann. Phys., NY\/} }
+\newcommand{\APP}{{\it Ann. Phys., Paris\/} }
+\newcommand{\CJP}{{\it Can. J. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\JAP}{{\it J. Appl. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\JCP}{{\it J. Chem. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\JJAP}{{\it Japan. J. Appl. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\JP}{{\it J. Physique\/} }
+\newcommand{\JPhCh}{{\it J. Phys. Chem.} }
+\newcommand{\JMMM}{{\it J. Magn. Magn. Mater.} }
+\newcommand{\JMP}{{\it J. Math. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\JOSA}{{\it J. Opt. Soc. Am.} }
+\newcommand{\JPSJ}{{\it J. Phys. Soc. Japan\/} }
+\newcommand{\JQSRT}{{\it J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer\/} }
+\newcommand{\NC}{{\it Nuovo Cimento\/} }
+\newcommand{\NIM}{{\it Nucl. Instrum. Methods\/} }
+\newcommand{\NP}{{\it Nucl. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\PL}{{\it Phys. Lett.} }
+\newcommand{\PR}{{\it Phys. Rev.} }
+\newcommand{\PRL}{{\it Phys. Rev. Lett.} }
+\newcommand{\PRS}{{\it Proc. R. Soc.} }
+\newcommand{\PS}{{\it Phys. Scr.} }
+\newcommand{\PSS}{{\it Phys. Status Solidi\/} }
+\newcommand{\PTRS}{{\it Phil. Trans. R. Soc.} }
+\newcommand{\RMP}{{\it Rev. Mod. Phys.} }
+\newcommand{\RSI}{{\it Rev. Sci. Instrum.} }
+\newcommand{\SSC}{{\it Solid State Commun.} }
+\newcommand{\ZP}{{\it Z. Phys.} }
+%===================
+\pagestyle{headings}
+\pagenumbering{arabic}
+\raggedbottom
+\onecolumn
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `jconf.cls'.

contributions/sd_iam/jpconf11.clo

+%% 
+%% This is file `jpconf11.clo'
+%% 
+%% This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 
+%% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 
+%% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 
+%% 
+%% \CharacterTable
+%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
+%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
+%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
+%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
+%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
+%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
+%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
+%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
+%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
+%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
+%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
+\ProvidesFile{jpconf11.clo}[2005/05/04 v1.0 LaTeX2e file (size option)]
+\renewcommand\normalsize{%
+   \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt{13}%
+   \abovedisplayskip 12\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus7\p@
+   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+   \belowdisplayshortskip 6.5\p@ \@plus3.5\p@ \@minus3\p@
+   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
+   \let\@listi\@listI}
+\normalsize
+\newcommand\small{%
+   \@setfontsize\small\@xpt{12}%
+   \abovedisplayskip 11\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus6\p@
+   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
+   \belowdisplayshortskip 6.5\p@ \@plus3.5\p@ \@minus3\p@
+   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+               \topsep 9\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus5\p@
+               \parsep 4.5\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
+               \itemsep \parsep}%
+   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}
+\newcommand\footnotesize{%
+%   \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@xpt\@xiipt
+   \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@ixpt{11}%
+   \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
+   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
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contributions/sd_iam/main.tex

+\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
+
+\usepackage{url}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{float}
+
+\newcommand{\quotes}[1]{``#1''}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\title{Evolving the INDIGO IAM service} 
+
+\author{
+  A.~Ceccanti$^1$,
+  E.~Vianello$^1$
+}
+
+\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, IT}
+
+\ead{
+  andrea.ceccanti@cnaf.infn.it,
+  enrico.vianello@cnaf.infn.it
+}
+
+\begin{abstract}
+
+  The INDIGO Identity and Access Management (IAM) service has been designed and
+  developed at CNAF in the context of the INDIGO Datacloud project. In this
+  contribution, we describe the work done in 2018 to evolve and operate the IAM
+  service in support of several scientific communities and use cases.
+
+\end{abstract}
+
+\section*{Introduction}
+\label{sec:introduction}
+
+The INDIGO IAM service provides an integrated solution for securing access to
+an organization resources and services. It supports authentication via Identity
+federations (e.g., EduGAIN \cite{edugain}) and social logins (i.e., Google
+\cite{google}), a registration service providing moderated access to the
+organization, delegation and provisioning APIs and flexible account linking.
+
+During 2018, the main focus of the work on IAM was to enhance its functionalities 
+in order to fully support the requirements emerging from the 
+WLCG Authorization Working Group, in support of the design of the future WLCG Authorization 
+service~\cite{wlcg-authz-wg}.
+
+The following paragraphs summarize the main development and maintenance
+activities.
+
+\section*{Support for multiple external OpenID Connect providers}
+
+\begin{figure}
+    \begin{minipage}[b]{.45\textwidth}
+        \centering
+        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{mutliple-oidc.png}
+        \caption{\label{fig:oidc-providers}The DODAS IAM login page showcasing support for Google, EduGAIN and EGI CheckIn external authentication.}
+      \end{minipage}
+      \hspace{.1\textwidth}
+      \begin{minipage}[b]{.45\textwidth}
+        \centering
+        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{request-cert.png}
+        \caption{\label{fig:request-cert}Requesting the on-demand generation of an X.509 certificate from the IAM dashboard.}
+      \end{minipage}
+\end{figure}
+
+Up to IAM version 1.4.0, IAM supported a single OpenID Connect provider, Google.
+The support for authentication and account linking with an external OpenID Connect provider has been extended to
+allow multiple providers. 
+Each provider can be listed in the IAM login page, and login buttons text and appearance can be customized with 
+appropriate  configuration (see Figure ~\ref{fig:oidc-providers}).
+
+\section*{RCAuth.eu integration}
+
+The RCauth.eu~\cite{rcauth} Pilot Certificate Authority (CA) is an online CA operated by NIKHEF~\cite{nikhef}  which 
+issues certificates to end-entities based on a successful authentication to a Federated Identity Management System 
+(FIMS) operated by an eligible Registration Authority.
+The certificates issued by the RCauth Pilot CA are valid for a period of at most 13 months, but may be as short as 11 days.
+
+RCAuth.eu has been integrated with INDIGO IAM in order to provide on-demand X.509 certificates to users without a certificate.
+The certificate is obtained using a simple OAuth-based protocol~\cite{oauth4myproxy}.
+
+When the RCAuth.eu integration is enabled, IAM provides users with the ability to request a certificate  on-demand from the IAM dashboard, as shown in Figure~\ref{fig:request-cert}.
+
+What happens under the hood is that the user is redirected to the RCAuth.eu
+instance to be authenticated and give consent to the generation of an X.509 certificate and that such certificate is accesible by IAM. 
+Once the user has given its consent, IAM fetches the generated certificate from RCAuth.eu and 
+creates a proxy certificate out of it that is then stored in the IAM database and linked to the user membership.
+
+A certificate provisioning API has also been implemented that allows users/agents with the appropriate privileges to 
+obtain the proxy certificate stored in the IAM database.
+
+\section*{CERN HR DB API service and integration}
+
+Identity vetting for the LHC VOs deployed at CERN rely on the VOMS Admin~\cite{voms-admin} CERN Human Resource database 
+integration~\cite{voms-convergence}, in order to verify that a VOMS applicant has a 
+valid LHC experiment membership while registered in VOMS.
+
+In order to expose HR database identity vetting also the IAM, the logic 
+of the HR database querying has been extracted from the VOMS Admin codebase and adapted to schema changes planned for GDPR compliance.
+
+A Spring boot microservice has been developed to provide a convenient REST API to query information about LHC experiment membership~\cite{hr-db-api-service}. This microservice has been deployed at CERN and integrated in IAM to demonstrate identity-vetting based on HR information, supporting a registration flow similar to the one implemented in production by VOMS Admin and that would satisfy the requirements expressed by the WLCG authorization working group.
+
+\section*{VOMS provisioning}
+
+A VOMS~\cite{VOMS} Attribute Authority (AA) microservice has been developed to expose IAM VO membership attributes in the form of VOMS attribute certificates. The VOMS microservice talks to the IAM DB and leverages IAM support for x.509 authentication.
+The service is compatible with existing voms clients.
+
+Since IAM does not provide a role abstraction, and that VOMS roles are 
+equivalent to group membership asserted on request, a mechanism based on labels has been developed to flag some IAM groups as VOMS roles.
+These groups are not automatically included in generated VOMS ACs, but are instead returned using the VOMS role syntax only on explicit request from client, preserving the original VOMS role semantics.
+
+With this work, IAM can support a gradual and seamless migration from WLCG legacy AAI based on X.509 and VOMS to a token-based AAI.
+
+\section*{Labels and Attribute API}
+
+A generic Labels API, inspired by the Kubernetes~\cite{kubernetes-labels} labels API, has been introduced in IAM that allows privileged users/agents to attach labels to groups and users.
+
+These labels can be used internally by IAM (e.g., to provide additional metadata about users/groups status, to implement VOMS role semantics on top of IAM groups) or by external applications. A URI-based namespace mechanism
+is supported to avoid name clashes on attributes managed by different applications.
+
+A generic Attribute API has been introduced to allow to link key-value pairs to users and groups. This information is meant to provide additional authentication/authorization information related to users and groups that can be included, if requested by the configuration, in tokens issued by IAM,
+providing a mechanism very similar to VOMS generic attributes.
+
+\section*{Flexible notification dispatching}
+
+A more flexible notification dispatching mechanism has been added to IAM.
+which provides the ability to target VO users, admnistrators or group
+administrators individually for email notifications. Previously, and up to IAM version 1.4.0, all administrator-targeted notifications were dispatched to an email address (typically, a mailing list) provided in configuration.
+
+\section*{Group managers and group request support}
+
+IAM now supports group managers, which are privileged users that can approve
+group membership requests or add users to a the managed group.
+Users can now request to join a group from the IAM dashboard home page.
+
+\section*{Improved SAML support}
+
+Significant work has been put in improving SAML support and integration
+with identity federations such as EduGAIN or SAML identity providers (e.g., the CERN Single Sign-On~\cite{cern-sso} and the italian Sistema Pubblico per l'Identit\`a digitale (SPID)~\cite{spid}).
+
+\section*{Operations and support}
+
+Several IAM instances have been deployed and operated on our Kubernetes~\cite{kubernetes} infrastructure in support of scientific communities and projects (DODAS, CHNet, Dariah, Deep Hybrid Datacloud, ICCU, Virgo).
+
+An IAM instance dedicated to WLCG authorization WG demonstration and integration activities has been deployed on the CERN Openshift~\cite{cern-openshift} and Openstack ~\cite{openstack} infrastructures.
+
+\section*{Conclusions and future work}
+
+We have described the main development and maintenance activities performed on the IAM service during 2018. In the future we will focus on further
+enhancements to the service and on the migration of the core authentication module to Keycloak~\cite{keycloak}, in order to reduce maintenance costs and improve IAM integration flexibility.
+
+\bibliographystyle{iopart-num}
+\section*{References}
+\bibliography{biblio}
+
+\end{document}