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  • faproietti/ar2018
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contributions/sd_storm/high-level-arch.png 0 → 100644
View file @ 4db4fefd
contributions/sd_storm/high-level-arch.png

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contributions/sd_storm/iopams.sty 0 → 100644
View file @ 4db4fefd
%%
%% This is file `iopams.sty'
%% File to include AMS fonts and extra definitions for bold greek
%% characters for use with iopart.cls
%%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{iopams}[1997/02/13 v1.0]
\RequirePackage{amsgen}[1995/01/01]
\RequirePackage{amsfonts}[1995/01/01]
\RequirePackage{amssymb}[1995/01/01]
\RequirePackage{amsbsy}[1995/01/01]
%
\iopamstrue % \newif\ifiopams in iopart.cls & iopbk2e.cls
% % allows optional text to be in author guidelines
%
% Bold lower case Greek letters
%
\newcommand{\balpha}{\boldsymbol{\alpha}}
\newcommand{\bbeta}{\boldsymbol{\beta}}
\newcommand{\bgamma}{\boldsymbol{\gamma}}
\newcommand{\bdelta}{\boldsymbol{\delta}}
\newcommand{\bepsilon}{\boldsymbol{\epsilon}}
\newcommand{\bzeta}{\boldsymbol{\zeta}}
\newcommand{\bfeta}{\boldsymbol{\eta}}
\newcommand{\btheta}{\boldsymbol{\theta}}
\newcommand{\biota}{\boldsymbol{\iota}}
\newcommand{\bkappa}{\boldsymbol{\kappa}}
\newcommand{\blambda}{\boldsymbol{\lambda}}
\newcommand{\bmu}{\boldsymbol{\mu}}
\newcommand{\bnu}{\boldsymbol{\nu}}
\newcommand{\bxi}{\boldsymbol{\xi}}
\newcommand{\bpi}{\boldsymbol{\pi}}
\newcommand{\brho}{\boldsymbol{\rho}}
\newcommand{\bsigma}{\boldsymbol{\sigma}}
\newcommand{\btau}{\boldsymbol{\tau}}
\newcommand{\bupsilon}{\boldsymbol{\upsilon}}
\newcommand{\bphi}{\boldsymbol{\phi}}
\newcommand{\bchi}{\boldsymbol{\chi}}
\newcommand{\bpsi}{\boldsymbol{\psi}}
\newcommand{\bomega}{\boldsymbol{\omega}}
\newcommand{\bvarepsilon}{\boldsymbol{\varepsilon}}
\newcommand{\bvartheta}{\boldsymbol{\vartheta}}
\newcommand{\bvaromega}{\boldsymbol{\varomega}}
\newcommand{\bvarrho}{\boldsymbol{\varrho}}
\newcommand{\bvarzeta}{\boldsymbol{\varsigma}} %NB really sigma
\newcommand{\bvarsigma}{\boldsymbol{\varsigma}}
\newcommand{\bvarphi}{\boldsymbol{\varphi}}
%
% Bold upright capital Greek letters
%
\newcommand{\bGamma}{\boldsymbol{\Gamma}}
\newcommand{\bDelta}{\boldsymbol{\Delta}}
\newcommand{\bTheta}{\boldsymbol{\Theta}}
\newcommand{\bLambda}{\boldsymbol{\Lambda}}
\newcommand{\bXi}{\boldsymbol{\Xi}}
\newcommand{\bPi}{\boldsymbol{\Pi}}
\newcommand{\bSigma}{\boldsymbol{\Sigma}}
\newcommand{\bUpsilon}{\boldsymbol{\Upsilon}}
\newcommand{\bPhi}{\boldsymbol{\Phi}}
\newcommand{\bPsi}{\boldsymbol{\Psi}}
\newcommand{\bOmega}{\boldsymbol{\Omega}}
%
% Bold versions of miscellaneous symbols
%
\newcommand{\bpartial}{\boldsymbol{\partial}}
\newcommand{\bell}{\boldsymbol{\ell}}
\newcommand{\bimath}{\boldsymbol{\imath}}
\newcommand{\bjmath}{\boldsymbol{\jmath}}
\newcommand{\binfty}{\boldsymbol{\infty}}
\newcommand{\bnabla}{\boldsymbol{\nabla}}
\newcommand{\bdot}{\boldsymbol{\cdot}}
%
% Symbols for caption
%
\renewcommand{\opensquare}{\mbox{$\square$}}
\renewcommand{\opentriangle}{\mbox{$\vartriangle$}}
\renewcommand{\opentriangledown}{\mbox{$\triangledown$}}
\renewcommand{\opendiamond}{\mbox{$\lozenge$}}
\renewcommand{\fullsquare}{\mbox{$\blacksquare$}}
\newcommand{\fulldiamond}{\mbox{$\blacklozenge$}}
\newcommand{\fullstar}{\mbox{$\bigstar$}}
\newcommand{\fulltriangle}{\mbox{$\blacktriangle$}}
\newcommand{\fulltriangledown}{\mbox{$\blacktriangledown$}}
\endinput
%%
%% End of file `iopams.sty'.
contributions/sd_storm/jpconf.cls 0 → 100644
View file @ 4db4fefd
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesClass{jpconf}
[2007/03/07 v1.1
LaTeX class for Journal of Physics: Conference Series]
%\RequirePackage{graphicx}
\newcommand\@ptsize{1}
\newif\if@restonecol
\newif\if@letterpaper
\newif\if@titlepage
\newif\ifiopams
\@titlepagefalse
\@letterpaperfalse
\DeclareOption{a4paper}
{\setlength\paperheight {297mm}%
\setlength\paperwidth {210mm}%
\@letterpaperfalse}
\DeclareOption{letterpaper}
{\setlength\paperheight {279.4mm}%
\setlength\paperwidth {215.9mm}%
\@letterpapertrue}
\DeclareOption{landscape}
{\setlength\@tempdima {\paperheight}%
\setlength\paperheight {\paperwidth}%
\setlength\paperwidth {\@tempdima}}
\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue}
\renewcommand\@ptsize{1}
%\ExecuteOptions{A4paper, twoside}
\ExecuteOptions{A4paper}
\ProcessOptions
\DeclareMathAlphabet{\bi}{OML}{cmm}{b}{it}
\DeclareMathAlphabet{\bcal}{OMS}{cmsy}{b}{n}
\input{jpconf1\@ptsize.clo}
\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
\setlength\parskip{0\p@ \@plus \p@}
\@lowpenalty 51
\@medpenalty 151
\@highpenalty 301
\setlength\parindent{5mm}
\setcounter{topnumber}{8}
\renewcommand\topfraction{1}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{3}
\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.99}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{8}
\renewcommand\textfraction{0.01}
\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.8}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{6}
\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{1}
\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.8}
\renewcommand{\title}{\@ifnextchar[{\@stitle}{\@ftitle}}
\pretolerance=5000
\tolerance=8000
% Headings for all pages apart from first
%
\def\ps@headings{%
\let\@oddfoot\@empty
\let\@evenfoot\@empty
\let\@oddhead\@empty
\let\@evenhead\@empty
%\def\@evenhead{\thepage\hfil\itshape\rightmark}%
%\def\@oddhead{{\itshape\leftmark}\hfil\thepage}%
%\def\@evenhead{{\itshape Journal of Physics: Conference Series}\hfill}%
%\def\@oddhead{\hfill {\itshape Journal of Physics: Conference Series}}%%
\let\@mkboth\markboth
\let\sectionmark\@gobble
\let\subsectionmark\@gobble}
%
% Headings for first page
%
\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty
\let\@oddhead\@empty\let\@evenhead\@empty
\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\let\sectionmark\@gobble
\let\subsectionmark\@gobble}
%
\def\@stitle[#1]#2{\markboth{#1}{#1}%
%\pagestyle{empty}%
\thispagestyle{myheadings}
\vspace*{25mm}{\exhyphenpenalty=10000\hyphenpenalty=10000
%\Large
\fontsize{18bp}{24bp}\selectfont\bf\raggedright\noindent#2\par}}
\def\@ftitle#1{\markboth{#1}{#1}%
\thispagestyle{myheadings}
%\pagestyle{empty}%
\vspace*{25mm}{\exhyphenpenalty=10000\hyphenpenalty=10000
%\Large\raggedright\noindent\bf#1\par}
\fontsize{18bp}{24bp}\selectfont\bf\noindent\raggedright#1\par}}
%AUTHOR
\renewcommand{\author}{\@ifnextchar[{\@sauthor}{\@fauthor}}
\def\@sauthor[#1]#2{\markright{#1} % for production only
\vspace*{1.5pc}%
\begin{indented}%
\item[]\normalsize\bf\raggedright#2
\end{indented}%
\smallskip}
\def\@fauthor#1{%\markright{#1} for production only
\vspace*{1.5pc}%
\begin{indented}%
\item[]\normalsize\bf\raggedright#1
\end{indented}%
\smallskip}
%E-MAIL
\def\eads#1{\vspace*{5pt}\address{E-mail: #1}}
\def\ead#1{\vspace*{5pt}\address{E-mail: \mailto{#1}}}
\def\mailto#1{{\tt #1}}
%ADDRESS
\newcommand{\address}[1]{\begin{indented}
\item[]\rm\raggedright #1
\end{indented}}
\newlength{\indentedwidth}
\newdimen\mathindent
\mathindent = 6pc
\indentedwidth=\mathindent
% FOOTNOTES
%\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
% \kern-3\p@
% \hrule\@width.4\columnwidth
% \kern2.6\p@}
%\newcommand\@makefntext[1]{%
% \parindent 1em%
% \noindent
% \hb@xt@1.8em{\hss\@makefnmark}#1}
% Footnotes: symbols selected in same order as address indicators
% unless optional argument of [<num>] use to specify required symbol,
% 1=\dag, 2=\ddag, etc
% Usage: \footnote{Text of footnote}
% \footnote[3]{Text of footnote}
%
\def\footnoterule{}%
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent
\makebox[1em][l]{\footnotesize\rm$\m@th{\fnsymbol{footnote}}$}%
\footnotesize\rm #1}
\def\@makefnmark{\normalfnmark}
\def\normalfnmark{\hbox{${\fnsymbol{footnote}}\m@th$}}
\def\altfnmark{\hbox{$^{\rm Note}\ {\fnsymbol{footnote}}\m@th$}}
\def\footNote#1{\let\@makefnmark\altfnmark\footnote{#1}\let\@makefnmark\normalfnmark}
\def\@thefnmark{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
\def\footnote{\protect\pfootnote}
\def\pfootnote{\@ifnextchar[{\@xfootnote}{\stepcounter{\@mpfn}%
\begingroup\let\protect\noexpand
\xdef\@thefnmark{\thempfn}\endgroup
\@footnotemark\@footnotetext}}
\def\@xfootnote[#1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}%
\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
\newcommand\ftnote{\protect\pftnote}
\newcommand\pftnote[1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}%
\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
\newcommand{\fnm}[1]{\setcounter{footnote}{#1}\footnotetext}
\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ifnum\thefootnote=99\hbox{*}\else^{\thefootnote}\fi\relax}
%
% Address marker
%
\newcommand{\ad}[1]{\noindent\hbox{$^{#1}$}\relax}
\newcommand{\adnote}[2]{\noindent\hbox{$^{#1,}$}\setcounter{footnote}{#2}%
\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}\footnote}
\def\@tnote{}
\newcounter{oldftnote}
\newcommand{\tnote}[1]{*\gdef\@tnote{%
\setcounter{oldftnote}{\c@footnote}%
\setcounter{footnote}{99}%
\footnotetext{#1}%
\setcounter{footnote}{\c@oldftnote}\addtocounter{footnote}{-1}}}
%==================
% Acknowledgments (no heading if letter)
% Usage \ack for Acknowledgments, \ackn for Acknowledgement
\def\ack{\section*{Acknowledgments}}
\def\ackn{\section*{Acknowledgment}}
%SECTION DEFINITIONS
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\newcounter {section}
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]
\renewcommand \thesection {\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand\thesubsection {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\renewcommand\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
%\nosections
\def\nosections{\vspace{30\p@ plus12\p@ minus12\p@}
\noindent\ignorespaces}
%\renewcommand{\@startsection}[6]
%{%
%\if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
%\par
% \@tempskipa #4\relax
%%\@tempskipa 0pt\relax
% \@afterindenttrue
% \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
% \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
% \fi
% \if@nobreak
% \everypar{}%
% \else
% \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
% \fi
% \@ifstar
% {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
% {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
%\renewcommand{\@sect}[8]{%
% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
% \let\@svsec\@empty
% \else
% \refstepcounter{#1}%
% \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
% \fi
% \@tempskipa #5\relax
% \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
% \begingroup
% #6{%
% \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
% \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
% \endgroup
% \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
% \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
% \fi
% #7}%
% \else
% \def\@svsechd{%
% #6{\hskip #3\relax
% \@svsec #8}%
% \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
% \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
% \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
% \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
% \fi
% #7}}%
% \fi
% \@xsect{#5}}
%\renewcommand{\@xsect}[1]{%
% \@tempskipa #1\relax
% \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
% \par \nobreak
% \vskip \@tempskipa
% \@afterheading
% \else
% \@nobreakfalse
% \global\@noskipsectrue
% \everypar{%
% \if@noskipsec
% \global\@noskipsecfalse
% {\setbox\z@\lastbox}%
% \clubpenalty\@M
% \begingroup \@svsechd \endgroup
% \unskip
% \@tempskipa #1\relax
% \hskip -\@tempskipa
% \else
% \clubpenalty \@clubpenalty
% \everypar{}%
% \fi}%
% \fi
% \ignorespaces}
%========================================================================
\newcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{1sp}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries\raggedright}}
\newcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{1sp}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape\raggedright}}
\newcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{-1em \@plus .2em}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
\newcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
{-1em}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
\newcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}%
{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
{-1em}%
{\reset@font\normalsize\itshape}}
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
\let\@svsec\@empty\else
\refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname. }\fi
\@tempskipa #5\relax
\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
\begingroup #6\relax
\noindent{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M #8\par}%
\endgroup
\csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
#7}\else
\def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\relax %% \relax added 2 May 90
\@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname
{#7}\addcontentsline
{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
#7}}\fi
\@xsect{#5}}
%
\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
\begingroup #4\noindent{\hskip #1}{\interlinepenalty \@M #5\par}\endgroup
\else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5}\fi
\@xsect{#3}}
% LIST DEFINITIONS
\setlength\leftmargini {2em}
\leftmargin \leftmargini
\setlength\leftmarginii {2em}
\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.8em}
\setlength\leftmarginiv {1.6em}
\setlength\leftmarginv {1em}
\setlength\leftmarginvi {1em}
\setlength\leftmargin{\leftmargini}
\setlength \labelsep {.5em}
\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@itempenalty -\@lowpenalty
\renewcommand\theenumi{\roman{enumi}}
\renewcommand\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\renewcommand\theenumiii{\arabic{enumiii}}
\renewcommand\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
\newcommand\labelenumi{(\theenumi)}
\newcommand\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\newcommand\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\newcommand\labelenumiv{(\theenumiv)}
\renewcommand\p@enumii{(\theenumi)}
\renewcommand\p@enumiii{(\theenumi.\theenumii)}
\renewcommand\p@enumiv{(\theenumi.\theenumii.\theenumiii)}
\newcommand\labelitemi{$\m@th\bullet$}
\newcommand\labelitemii{\normalfont\bfseries --}
\newcommand\labelitemiii{$\m@th\ast$}
\newcommand\labelitemiv{$\m@th\cdot$}
\renewcommand \theequation {\@arabic\c@equation}
%%%%%%%%%%%%% Figures
\newcounter{figure}
\renewcommand\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
\newenvironment{figure}{\footnotesize\rm\@float{figure}}%
{\end@float\normalsize\rm}
\newenvironment{figure*}{\footnotesize\rm\@dblfloat{figure}}{\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}
\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
\newenvironment{table}{\footnotesize\rm\@float{table}}%
{\end@float\normalsize\rm}
\newenvironment{table*}{\footnotesize\rm\@dblfloat{table}}%
{\end@dblfloat\normalsize\rm}
\newlength\abovecaptionskip
\newlength\belowcaptionskip
\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
%Table Environments
%\newenvironment{tableref}[3][\textwidth]{%
%\begin{center}%
%\begin{table}%
%\captionsetup[table]{width=#1}
%\centering\caption{\label{#2}#3}}{\end{table}\end{center}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%\newcounter{figure}
%\renewcommand \thefigure {\@arabic\c@figure}
%\def\fps@figure{tbp}
%\def\ftype@figure{1}
%\def\ext@figure{lof}
%\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
%ENVIRONMENT: figure
%\newenvironment{figure}
% {\@float{figure}}
% {\end@float}
%ENVIRONMENT: figure*
%\newenvironment{figure*}
% {\@dblfloat{figure}}
% {\end@dblfloat}
%ENVIRONMENT: table
%\newcounter{table}
%\renewcommand\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
%\def\fps@table{tbp}
%\def\ftype@table{2}
%\def\ext@table{lot}
%\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
%\newenvironment{table}
% {\@float{table}}
% {\end@float}
%ENVIRONMENT: table*
%\newenvironment{table*}
% {\@dblfloat{table}}
% {\end@dblfloat}
%\newlength\abovecaptionskip
%\newlength\belowcaptionskip
%\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
%\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}
% CAPTIONS
% Added redefinition of \@caption so captions are not written to
% aux file therefore less need to \protect fragile commands
%
\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\begingroup
\@parboxrestore
\normalsize
\@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par
\endgroup}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
\vskip\abovecaptionskip
\sbox\@tempboxa{{\bf #1.} #2}%
\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
{\bf #1.} #2\par
\else
\global \@minipagefalse
\hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
\fi
\vskip\belowcaptionskip}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}
%\newcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
%\newcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
%\newcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
%\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
%\newcommand\tableofcontents{%
% \section*{\contentsname
% \@mkboth{%
% \MakeUppercase\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}}%
% \@starttoc{toc}%
% }
%\newcommand*\l@part[2]{%
% \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
% \addpenalty\@secpenalty
% \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
% \begingroup
% \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
% \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
% {\leavevmode
% \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
% \nobreak
% \if@compatibility
% \global\@nobreaktrue
% \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
% \fi
% \endgroup
% \fi}
%\newcommand*\l@section[2]{%
% \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\z@
% \addpenalty\@secpenalty
% \addvspace{1.0em \@plus\p@}%
% \setlength\@tempdima{1.5em}%
% \begingroup
% \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
% \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
% \leavevmode \bfseries
% \advance\leftskip\@tempdima
% \hskip -\leftskip
% #1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
% \endgroup
% \fi}
%\newcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
%\newcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
%\newcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
%\newcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
%\newcommand\listoffigures{%
% \section*{\listfigurename
% \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}%
% {\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}}%
% \@starttoc{lof}%
% }
%\newcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
%\newcommand\listoftables{%
% \section*{\listtablename
% \@mkboth{%
% \MakeUppercase\listtablename}{\MakeUppercase\listtablename}}%
% \@starttoc{lot}%
% }
%\let\l@table\l@figure
%======================================
%ENVIRONMENTS
%======================================
%ENVIRONMENT: indented
\newenvironment{indented}{\begin{indented}}{\end{indented}}
\newenvironment{varindent}[1]{\begin{varindent}{#1}}{\end{varindent}}
%
\def\indented{\list{}{\itemsep=0\p@\labelsep=0\p@\itemindent=0\p@
\labelwidth=0\p@\leftmargin=\mathindent\topsep=0\p@\partopsep=0\p@
\parsep=0\p@\listparindent=15\p@}\footnotesize\rm}
\let\endindented=\endlist
\def\varindent#1{\setlength{\varind}{#1}%
\list{}{\itemsep=0\p@\labelsep=0\p@\itemindent=0\p@
\labelwidth=0\p@\leftmargin=\varind\topsep=0\p@\partopsep=0\p@
\parsep=0\p@\listparindent=15\p@}\footnotesize\rm}
\let\endvarindent=\endlist
%ENVIRONMENT: abstract
\newenvironment{abstract}{%
\vspace{16pt plus3pt minus3pt}
\begin{indented}
\item[]{\bfseries \abstractname.}\quad\rm\ignorespaces}
{\end{indented}\vspace{10mm}}
%ENVIRONMENT: description
\newenvironment{description}
{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
\let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
{\endlist}
\newcommand\descriptionlabel[1]{\hspace\labelsep
\normalfont\bfseries #1}
%ENVIRONMENT: quotation
\newenvironment{quotation}
{\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
\itemindent \listparindent
\rightmargin \leftmargin
\parsep \z@ \@plus\p@}%
\item[]}
{\endlist}
%ENVIRONMENT: quote
\newenvironment{quote}
{\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
\item[]}
{\endlist}
%ENVIRONMENT: verse
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%
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\newcommand{\NT}{{\it Nanotechnology} }
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\newcommand{\PUS}{{\it Public Understand. Sci.} }
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%
% Other commonly quoted journals
%
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%===================
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contributions/sd_storm/jpconf11.clo 0 → 100644
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\parsep=\z@
\partopsep=\z@
\itemsep=\z@}
\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
\labelwidth\leftmarginiv
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
\labelwidth\leftmarginv
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
\labelwidth\leftmarginvi
\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\endinput
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\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{float}
\newcommand{\quotes}[1]{``#1''}
\begin{document}
\title{StoRM maintenance and evolution}
\author{
A. Ceccanti$^1$,
E. Vianello$^1$,
F. Giacomini$^1$
}
\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, IT}
\ead{
andrea.ceccanti@cnaf.infn.it
}
\begin{abstract}
StoRM is the storage element solution that powers the CNAF Tier 1 data center as well as more than 30 other sites. In this contribution, we highlight the main maintenance and evolution activities on StoRM during 2018.
\end{abstract}
\section*{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
StoRM~\cite{storm} is a lightweight storage resource manager (SRM) solution developed at INFN-CNAF which powers the CNAF Tier 1 data center as well as more than 30 other sites.
StoRM implements the SRM version 2.2~\cite{srm-2.2} data management specification and is typically deployed on top of a cluster file system like IBM GPFS~\cite{gpfs}.
StoRM has a layered architecture (Figure~\ref{fig:storm-arch}), split between two main components: the StoRM frontend and backend services.
The StoRM frontend service implements the SRM interface exposed
to client applications and frameworks.
The StoRM backend service implements the actual storage management logic by interacting directly with the underlying file system.
Communication between the frontend and the backend happens in two ways:
\begin{itemize}
\item via an XML-RPC api, for synchronous requests;
\item via a database, for asynchronous requests.
\end{itemize}
Data transfer is provided by GridFTP, HTTP and XRootD services accessing directly the file system underlying the StoRM deployment.
StoRM is interfaced with the IBM Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM) via GEMSS~\cite{gemss}, a component also developed at INFN, to provide optimized data archiving and tape recall functionality. The StoRM WebDAV service provides an alternative data management interface complementary to the SRM functionality, but which does not yet support tape operations.
An high level representation of the StoRM architecture is given in Figure~\ref{fig:storm-arch}.
During 2018, two StoRM releases where produced:
\begin{itemize}
\item StoRM 1.11.13~\cite{storm-1.11.13}, released on February, 19th, providing updates for the StoRM backend, YAIM module and the info provider;
\item StoRM 1.11.14~\cite{storm-1.11.14}, released on July, 25th, providing updates for the frontend and backend services, StoRM native and xmlrpc libraries, the GridFTP DSI module and the YAIM module.
\end{itemize}
The following paragraphs describe the main StoRM maintenance and evolution activities that resulted in the above releases and in pre-release packages made available to the CNAF Tier 1 and other interested sites during 2018.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.6\textwidth]{storm-arch.png}
\caption{\label{fig:storm-arch}The StoRM high level architecture.}
\end{figure}
\section*{StoRM frontend stability improvements}
After observing repeated failures that resulted in the death of the StoRM frontend process in production at Tier 1, an investigation was started
to understand the cause of the failures and provide a fix to improve
the service stability.
The failures occurred mainly when an high number of requests was observed on the frontend. Enabling core dumping did not provide much information, besides the fact that the segfault occurred mostly in the XMLRPC serializiation/deserialization logic, and was likely caused by stack corruption. What precisely caused the stack corruption however was not
understood.
In order to contain the problem, the following improvements were
implemented:
\begin{itemize}
\item a configurable limit on the size of the request queue
on the frontend was implemented;
\item information about the request queue size and the number of
active requests was added to the frontend log, in order to monitor the queue processing status in real time;
\item the logic of the XMLRPC interaction between frontend and backend
has been refactored in order to use the xmlrpc synchronous API (the former use of the asynchronous API only complicated the code base without providing increased concurrency or throughput);
\item a configurable limit on the size of the threadpool serving XMLRPC requests has been introduced on the backend;
\item a configurable limit on the size of the queue of the XMLRPC requests has been introduced on the backend;
\item our load test suite was tuned to generate a load comparable with
the one observed in production for the ATLAS experiment.
\end{itemize}
These improvements, and appropriate configuration, restored the frontend
service stability: no more crashes were observed in production, even during peak load periods.
\section*{JSON storage usage record reporting}
In consultation with all the LHC experiments, the WLCG storage providers (dCache~\cite{dcache}, DPM~\cite{dpm}, EOS~\cite{eos}, StoRM, XRootD~\cite{xrootd}) drafted a proposal for storage resource reporting in WLCG~\cite{storage-resource-reporting-proposal}.
This document proposes five requirements:
\begin{itemize}
\item \texttt{R0}: storage systems should provide the total used space and the list of files stored (no other meta-data required);
\item \texttt{R1}: storage systems should provide the total used and total free space for all distinct space quotas available to the experiment through a non-SRM protocol (GridFTP, HTTP or XRootD) and with ten minutes as data freshness order and tens of GB as volume accuracy;
\item \texttt{R2}: storage systems should provide a public summary file indicating the “topology” of the system and usage information;
\item \texttt{R3}: storage systems should provide the total used and total free space on sub-directories, in particular any entity on which a restrictive quota has been applied;
\item \texttt{R4}: storage systems should provide a full storage dump with file information such as size, creation time and check-sum value.
\end{itemize}
Requirement \texttt{R3} has been withdrawn as no experiment supported its inclusion.
Requirement \texttt{R4} was already supported through WebDAV with a detailed and recursive \texttt{PROPFIND} operation.
In order to comply with the requirements \texttt{R0}, \texttt{R1} and \texttt{R2}, the following improvements were introduced in February 2018:
\begin{itemize}
\item the backend REST endpoint used to generate the list of configured storage areas and their usage status now produces a JSON response instead of plain text;
\item a new command, \texttt{get-report-json}, has been added to the info provider to generate a JSON site report file, with a configurable target location.
\end{itemize}
To fulfill requirement \texttt{R2}, the Tier 1 StoRM ATLAS production instance has been configured to expose,
via the StoRM WebDAV service, the JSON usage report in a storage area accessible by any client presenting a trusted X.509 certificate.
\section*{Backend improved starting logic}
Aiming to improve StoRM Backend service starting logic, an important re-factoring work has been done on the start-up source code and on the \texttt{init.d} scripts.
Before the re-factoring, each start-up of StoRM Backend service was divided into several running processes making even the kill of the service too much complex than necessary.
After the re-factoring only one process can be seen from command line and all the useless arguments has been removed. That has meant also a relevant improve of service start-up speed.
Comparing the start-up before the re-factoring:
\begin{verbatim}
$ time sh start-storm.sh
Bootstrapping storm-backend-server [ OK ]
Starting storm-backend-server [ OK ]
real 0m20.495s
user 0m0.122s
sys 0m0.140s
\end{verbatim}
and after:
\begin{verbatim}
$ time sh start-storm.sh
Starting storm-backend-server: [ OK ]
real 0m5.217s
user 0m0.083s
sys 0m0.078s
\end{verbatim}
we can see that the new boot speed is about 4 times faster.
\section*{WebDAV third-party transfers support}
At the end of May 2017 the Globus Alliance announced that the Open source
Globus toolkit would be no longer supported by the Globus team at the University of Chicago~\cite{globus-end-of-support}. This announcement had obvious impact on WLCG, since the Globus Security Infrastructure (GSI) and GridFTP lie at the core of the WLCG data management infrastructure, and discussions started in the appropriate forums on the search for alternatives. The DOMA Third party copy Working Group~\cite{doma-tpc} was established to investigate alternatives to the GridFTP protocol for bulk transfers across WLCG sites. This led to a requirement for all storage element implementations to support either WebDAV-based or XrootD-based third-party transfers.
In order to comply with the requirement, the following improvements were introduced in the StoRM WebDAV service in November 2018:
\begin{itemize}
\item The WebDAV service was migrated to the latest stable Spring boot libraries~\cite{spring-boot};
\item Token-based delegation and authorization was introduced, by adding support for external OpenID Connect~\cite{oidc} providers and by introducing an internal OAuth~\cite{oauth} authorization server that can be used to issue tokens to client authenticated with VOMS credentials;
\item the semantic of the WebDAV \texttt{COPY} method was extended to implement third-party transfers;
\item a significant refactoring of the robot test suite was implemented, by moving the test suite code in the server repository and simplifying credential management. The refactoring resulted in improved usability, performance and error reporting.
\end{itemize}
A pre-release package of the updated StoRM WebDAV package was
deployed at CNAF Tier 1 for the ATLAS WebDAV production instance and added successfully to the DOMA TPC testbed where it showed to work reliably.
The initial deployment also highlighted minor issues which were solved, and lead to the final release of the StoRM WebDAV 1.1.0 release in Februrary 2019.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.6\textwidth]{tpc.png}
\caption{\label{fig:tpc}A WebDAV push-mode third-party transfer managed by CERN File Transfer Service (FTS) against two storage elements.}
\end{figure}
\section*{Conclusions and future work}
In this contribution, we presented the main development and evolution activities performed on StoRM during 2018. Besides ordinary maintenance, in 2019 we will focus on porting StoRM 1
to CENTOS 7 and in replacing the current YAIM-based configuration code~\cite{yaim} with a Puppet module~\cite{puppet}.
\section*{References}
\bibliographystyle{iopart-num}
\bibliography{biblio}
\end{document}
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@techreport{voms-ac-format,
author = {Vincenzo Ciaschini and Valerio Venturi and Andrea Ceccanti},
title = {{The VOMS Attribute Certificate format }},
year = {2011},
month = {August},
publisher = {Open Grid Forum},
institution = {Open Grid Forum},
url = {https://www.ogf.org/documents/GFD.182.pdf}
}
@misc{aarc-blueprint,
title = {{The AARC Blueprint Architecture}},
note = {\url{https://aarc-project.eu/architecture}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{rcauth-ssh,
title = {{RCAuth.eu: getting proxies using SSH key AuthN}},
author = {Mischa Sall\'e},
note = {\url{https://indico.cern.ch/event/669715/contributions/2739035/attachments/1532101/2398499/RCauth_SSH_wlcg_authz_wg.pdf}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{oauth4myproxy,
title = {{OAuth for MyProxy}},
note = {\url{http://grid.ncsa.illinois.edu/myproxy/oauth/}},
urldate = {2019-03-18}
}
@misc{rcauth,
title = {{The RCAuth online CA}},
note = {\url{https://rcauth.eu}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{dodas,
title = {{Dynamic On Demand Analysis Service: DODAS}},
note = {\url{https://dodas-ts.github.io/dodas-doc}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{eosc-hub,
title = {{The EOSC-Hub project}},
note = {\url{https://www.eosc-hub.eu}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{aarc,
title = {{The AARC project}},
note = {\url{https://aarc-project.eu}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{fim4r,
title = {{Federated Identity Management for Research}},
note = {\url{https://fim4r.org}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{wlcg-authz-wg,
title = {{The WLCG Authorization Working Group}},
note = {\url{https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/LCG/WLCGAuthorizationWG}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{nikhef,
title = {{The Dutch National Insititute for Sub-atomic Physics}},
note = {\url{https://www.nikhef.nl}},
urldate = {2019-5-10}
}
@misc{indigo-datacloud,
Author = {INDIGO-DataCloud Collaboration and : and Davide Salomoni and Isabel
Campos and Luciano Gaido and Jesus Marco de Lucas and Peter Solagna and Jorge
Gomes and Ludek Matyska and Patrick Fuhrman and Marcus Hardt and Giacinto
Donvito and Lukasz Dutka and Marcin Plociennik and Roberto Barbera and
Ignacio Blanquer and Andrea Ceccanti and Mario David and Cristina Duma and
Alvaro López-García and Germán Moltó and Pablo Orviz and Zdenek Sustr and
Matthew Viljoen and Fernando Aguilar and Luis Alves and Marica Antonacci
and Lucio Angelo Antonelli and Stefano Bagnasco and Alexandre M. J. J.
Bonvin and Riccardo Bruno and Eva Cetinic and Yin Chen and Alessandro Costa
and Davor Davidovic and Benjamin Ertl and Marco Fargetta and Sandro Fiore
and Stefano Gallozzi and Zeynep Kurkcuoglu and Lara Lloret and Joao Martins
and Alessandra Nuzzo and Paola Nassisi and Cosimo Palazzo and Joao Pina and
Eva Sciacca and Daniele Spiga and Marco Antonio Tangaro and Michal Urbaniak
and Sara Vallero and Bas Wegh and Valentina Zaccolo and Federico Zambelli
and Tomasz Zok},
Title = {{INDIGO-DataCloud:A data and computing platform to facilitate seamless
access to e-infrastructures}},
Year = {2017},
Eprint = {arXiv:1711.01981},
}
@misc{kubernetes-labels,
title = {{Kubernetes labels and selectors}},
note = {\url{https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{spid,
title = {{Sistema Pubblico di Identità Digitale}},
note = {\url{https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{hr-db-api-service,
title = {{CERN HR DB API service }},
note = {\url{https://baltig.infn.it/aceccant/cern-hr-db-service}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{cern-openshift,
title = {{CERN Openshift PAAS infrastructure}},
note = {\url{http://information-technology.web.cern.ch/services/PaaS-Web-App}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@misc{keycloak,
title = {{The Keycloak Identity and Access Management system}},
note = {\url{https://www.keycloak.org/}},
urldate = {2018-12-03}
}
@inproceedings{cern-sso,
doi = {10.1088/1742-6596/119/8/082008},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1742-6596%2F119%2F8%2F082008},
year = 2008,
volume = {119},
number = {8},
pages = {082008},
author = {E Ormancey},
title = {{CERN} single sign on solution},
booktitle = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}
}
@inproceedings{voms-convergence,
author={Andrea Ceccanti and Vincenzo Ciaschini and Maria Dimou and Gabriele Garzoglio and Tanya Levshina and Steve Traylen and Valerio Venturi},
title={{VOMS/VOMRS utilization patterns and convergence plan}},
booktitle={Journal of Physics: Conference Series},
volume={219},
number={6},
pages={062006},
url={http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/219/i=6/a=062006},
year={2010}
}
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contributions/sd_storm2/jpconf.cls 0 → 100644
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Tables rules %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%
% abbreviations for IOPP journals
%
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\newcommand{\CTM}{{\it Combust. Theory Modelling\/} }
\newcommand{\DSE}{{\it Distrib. Syst. Engng\/} }
\newcommand{\EJP}{{\it Eur. J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\HPP}{{\it High Perform. Polym.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\IP}{{\it Inverse Problems\/} }
\newcommand{\JHM}{{\it J. Hard Mater.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\JO}{{\it J. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JOA}{{\it J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JOB}{{\it J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\JPA}{{\it J. Phys. A: Math. Gen.} }
\newcommand{\JPB}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys.} } %1968-87
\newcommand{\jpb}{{\it J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.} } %1988 and onwards
\newcommand{\JPC}{{\it J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys.} } %1968--1988
\newcommand{\JPCM}{{\it J. Phys.: Condens. Matter\/} } %1989 and onwards
\newcommand{\JPD}{{\it J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JPE}{{\it J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum.} }
\newcommand{\JPF}{{\it J. Phys. F: Met. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JPG}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys.} } %1975--1988
\newcommand{\jpg}{{\it J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.} } %1989 and onwards
\newcommand{\MSMSE}{{\it Modelling Simulation Mater. Sci. Eng.} }
\newcommand{\MST}{{\it Meas. Sci. Technol.} } %1990 and onwards
\newcommand{\NET}{{\it Network: Comput. Neural Syst.} }
\newcommand{\NJP}{{\it New J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\NL}{{\it Nonlinearity\/} }
\newcommand{\NT}{{\it Nanotechnology} }
\newcommand{\PAO}{{\it Pure Appl. Optics\/} }
\newcommand{\PM}{{\it Physiol. Meas.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\PMB}{{\it Phys. Med. Biol.} }
\newcommand{\PPCF}{{\it Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion\/} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\PSST}{{\it Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\PUS}{{\it Public Understand. Sci.} }
\newcommand{\QO}{{\it Quantum Opt.} }
\newcommand{\QSO}{{\em Quantum Semiclass. Opt.} }
\newcommand{\RPP}{{\it Rep. Prog. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\SLC}{{\it Sov. Lightwave Commun.} } % added 4/5/93
\newcommand{\SST}{{\it Semicond. Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\SUST}{{\it Supercond. Sci. Technol.} }
\newcommand{\WRM}{{\it Waves Random Media\/} }
\newcommand{\JMM}{{\it J. Micromech. Microeng.\/} }
%
% Other commonly quoted journals
%
\newcommand{\AC}{{\it Acta Crystallogr.} }
\newcommand{\AM}{{\it Acta Metall.} }
\newcommand{\AP}{{\it Ann. Phys., Lpz.} }
\newcommand{\APNY}{{\it Ann. Phys., NY\/} }
\newcommand{\APP}{{\it Ann. Phys., Paris\/} }
\newcommand{\CJP}{{\it Can. J. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JAP}{{\it J. Appl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JCP}{{\it J. Chem. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JJAP}{{\it Japan. J. Appl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JP}{{\it J. Physique\/} }
\newcommand{\JPhCh}{{\it J. Phys. Chem.} }
\newcommand{\JMMM}{{\it J. Magn. Magn. Mater.} }
\newcommand{\JMP}{{\it J. Math. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\JOSA}{{\it J. Opt. Soc. Am.} }
\newcommand{\JPSJ}{{\it J. Phys. Soc. Japan\/} }
\newcommand{\JQSRT}{{\it J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer\/} }
\newcommand{\NC}{{\it Nuovo Cimento\/} }
\newcommand{\NIM}{{\it Nucl. Instrum. Methods\/} }
\newcommand{\NP}{{\it Nucl. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\PL}{{\it Phys. Lett.} }
\newcommand{\PR}{{\it Phys. Rev.} }
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\newcommand{\PS}{{\it Phys. Scr.} }
\newcommand{\PSS}{{\it Phys. Status Solidi\/} }
\newcommand{\PTRS}{{\it Phil. Trans. R. Soc.} }
\newcommand{\RMP}{{\it Rev. Mod. Phys.} }
\newcommand{\RSI}{{\it Rev. Sci. Instrum.} }
\newcommand{\SSC}{{\it Solid State Commun.} }
\newcommand{\ZP}{{\it Z. Phys.} }
%===================
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%%
%% End of file `jconf.cls'.
contributions/sd_storm2/jpconf11.clo 0 → 100644
View file @ 4db4fefd
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\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{float}
\newcommand{\quotes}[1]{``#1''}
\begin{document}
\title{StoRM 2: initial design and development activities}
\author{
A.~Ceccanti$^1$,
F.~Giacomini$^1$,
E.~Vianello$^1$,
E.~Ronchieri$^1$
}
\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, IT}
\ead{
andrea.ceccanti@cnaf.infn.it
}
\begin{abstract}
StoRM is the storage element solution that powers the CNAF Tier 1
data center as well as more than 30 other sites. Experience in
developing, maintaining and operating it at scale suggests that a
significant refactoring of the codebase is necessary to improve
StoRM maintainability, reliability, scalability and ease of
operation in order to meet the data management requirements coming
from HL-LHC and other communities served by the CNAF Tier 1 data
center. In this contribution we highlight the initial StoRM 2
design and development activities.
\end{abstract}
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
StoRM was first developed by a joint collaboration between INFN-CNAF, CERN and
ICTP to provide a lightweight storage element solution implementing the
SRM~\cite{ref:srm} interface on top of a POSIX filesystem. StoRM has a layered
architecture (Figure~\ref{fig:storm-arch}), split between two main components:
the StoRM frontend and backend services. The StoRM frontend service implements
the SRM interface exposed to client applications and frameworks. The StoRM
backend service implements the actual storage management logic by interacting
directly with the underlying file system.
Communication between the frontend and the backend services happens in two ways:
\begin{itemize}
\item via an XML-RPC API, for synchronous requests;
\item via a database, for asynchronous requests.
\end{itemize}
Data transfers are provided by GridFTP, HTTP and XRootD services accessing
directly the file system underlying the StoRM deployment.
StoRM is interfaced with the IBM Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM) via
GEMSS~\cite{ref:gemss}, a component also developed at INFN, to provide optimized
data archiving and tape recall functionality.
The StoRM WebDAV service provides an alternative data management interface
complementary to the SRM functionality, albeit without supporting tape
operations yet.
In the past years StoRM has powered the CNAF Tier 1 data center as well as
dozens of other sites and proved to be a reliable SRM implementation. However,
ten years of experience in developing and operating the service at scale has
also shown limitations:
\begin{itemize}
\item The StoRM code base is not unit-tested; this means that there is no
quick feedback loop that functionality is not broken when a change is
introduced or a refactoring is implemented; there are integration and load
test suites that can be used to assess that functionality is not broken,
but these test suites are more complex to instantiate, require a full
service deployment and do no provide coverage information.
\item Data management responsibilities are scattered among several
components without clear reasons, increasing maintenance and developments
costs.
\item The StoRM backend cannot be horizontally replicated; this causes
operational problems in production and limits scalability and the ability
to adapt dynamically to load changes.
\item Logging is not harmonized among the StoRM services and limited
tracing is provided, so that it is not trivial to trace the history of an
incoming request across the services.
\item Core StoRM communication and authentication functionality relies on
dated technologies and libraries (e.g., XML-RPC, CGSI-gSOAP);
\item The codebase is significantly more complex than needed due to the
inorganic growth and lack of periodic quality assessment performed on the
code base.
\end{itemize}
To address these shortcomings, a redesign of the StoRM service has been planned
and started this year, in parallel with the main StoRM maintenance and
development activities.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.6\textwidth]{storm-arch.png}
\caption{\label{fig:storm-arch}The StoRM 1 architecture.}
\end{figure}
\section{StoRM 2 high-level architecture}
The StoRM 2 architecture is depicted in Figure~\ref{fig:storm2-arch}.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.6\textwidth]{high-level-arch.png}
\caption{\label{fig:storm2-arch}The StoRM 2 high-level architecture.}
\end{figure}
The layered architecture approach is maintained, so that service logic is again
split between frontend and backend service components.
The frontend responsibility is to implement the interfaces towards the outside
world. In practice, the frontend is implemented by multiple microservices,
each responsible of a specific interface (SRM, WebDAV, etc.).
TLS termination and client authentication is implemented at the edge of the
service perimeter by one (or more) Nginx reverse proxy instances. There are
several advantages in this approach:
\begin{itemize}
\item The TLS handling load is decoupled from request management load.
\item VOMS-related configuration and handling is centralized to a single
component, leading to simplified service operation and troubleshooting.
\item The TLS terminator becomes a natural place to implement load balancing
for the frontend services.
\end{itemize}
VOMS authorization support is provided by an Nginx VOMS module
~\cite{ref:nginx-voms} developed for this purpose and described in more detail
in another contribution in this report.
Besides implementing the management protocol endpoints, the frontends expose other
management and monitoring interfaces that can be consumed by internal services and
may use a relational or in-memory database to persist state information in support
of request management and accounting.
Frontends do not directly interact with the storage, but delegate the
interaction to a backend service.
The backend is a stateless service that implements basic management operations on the
storage. The storage management operations implemented are the minimum set of
operations needed to support the data management interfaces exposed by the
frontends. These operations are typically either data object lifecycle
operations (e.g., create or remove a file or a directory, list directory contents) or
metadata operations (e.g., get the size of a file, manage ACLs).
The communication between the frontend and the backend services is implemented
on top of gRPC~\cite{ref:grpc}, a remote procedure call system initially
developed at Google. The actual messages exchanged between them are
synthesized from a description expressed in an interface description language
called \textit{Protocol Buffers}~\cite{ref:protocol-buffers}; from the same
message description, language-specific client and server stubs are generated. As
an example, the following listing shows the description of the messages and of
the service involved in the simple case of the \textit{version} command.
{\small
\begin{verbatim}
message VersionRequest {
// The version of the client calling the service.
string version = 1;
}
message VersionResponse {
// The version of the service answering the call
string version = 1;
}
service VersionService {
rpc getVersion(VersionRequest) returns (VersionResponse);
}
\end{verbatim}
}
\section{Principles guiding the development work}
The following principles have driven the StoRM 2 development work.
\begin{itemize}
\item The source code will be kept in a Git repository hosted on the INFN
Gitlab service; the development will follow a branching model inspired
at Git-workflow~\cite{ref:gitflow} and already successfully used for other
components developed by the team (e.g., VOMS, INDIGO IAM, StoRM).
\item Rhe code for all main components (frontend and backend services,
CLIs, etc.) will be hosted on a single repository and a single version number
will be shared for all the components.
\item A test-driven development approach will be followed, using tools that
allow to measure the test coverage of the codebase. The objective is to
ensure high coverage ($>90\%$) on all code.
\item Whenever possible, the code should be self-documenting; the source code folder
structure will be documented with README.md files providing a
description of each folder contents; a CHANGELOG file will provide
information of new features and bug fixes following established
industry best practices~\cite{ref:keep-a-changelog}.
\item The development and testing environment will be containerized, in
order to ensure a consistent environment definition and avoid "works on my
machine" issues.
\item Services should provide monitoring and metrics endpoints to enable the
collection of status information and performance metrics.
\item Service should support graceful shutdown and draining.
\item A CI pipeline will be in place, to build and test continuously the code.
\item A consistent configuration and logging format will be adopted across
all the components, to make service operations easier and simplify log
files interpretation, aggregation and management.
\item Support for request traceability will be part of the system since its
inception.
\end{itemize}
The development of StoRM 2 will be organized in SCRUM-like sprints, where each
sprint will be roughly 4-5 weeks long.
The output of each sprint should be a deployable instance of the services
implementing a subset of the whole foreseen StoRM 2 functionality.
\section{The build and test environment}
The build environment heavily relies on container technology~\cite{ref:docker},
both to guarantee full build and test reproducibility and to offer a common
reference platform for development.
Since the code for all components is kept in a single git repository, we have
also opted for a single Docker image to build everything, containing all the
needed build tools (compilers, unit testing frameworks, static and dynamic
analyzers, external dependencies, etc.). The resulting image is large but still
manageable and having one image simplifies the operations.
There are also a couple of other Docker images: one is a specialization of the
build image mentioned above and is dedicated to the build of the Nginx VOMS
module; the other is an image with client tools used during integration testing.
All the image Dockerfiles are kept in a single repository, under continuous
integration, so that every time there is a change the images are rebuilt.
\section{The StoRM 2 frontend component}
The StoRM 2 frontend is composed of a set of stateless Spring Boot 2
applications written in Java that implement the management protocol endpoints,
such as SRM~\cite{ref:srm} and WebDAV~\cite{ref:webdav}. The frontend services
maintain state in an external database.
The main frontend responsibilities are to:
\begin{itemize}
\item implement consistent authorization, taking as input the
authentication information exposed by the Nginx TLS terminator and
matching this information with a common authorization policy;
\item implement request validation and management, i.e.,
protocol-specific management of request queuing as well as conflict
handling;
\item translate protocol-specific requests to a set of basic storage
management operations executed by the backend and exposed via a set of
gRPC services;
\item provide service management and observability endpoints, to allow
administrators to get information about the requests currently being
serviced by the system, drain the service or manually force request status
transitions.
\end{itemize}
The first frontend service developed in StoRM 2 focuses on the SRM interface,
and at the time of this writing implements support for the SRM \textit{ping} and
\textit{ls} methods.
In the initial development sprints, significant work has been devoted to ensure
the testability of the frontend component in isolation, by leveraging the
powerful testing support provided by Spring~\cite{ref:spring} and the gRPC
frameworks.
\section{The StoRM 2 backend component}
The StoRM 2 backend is a gRPC server that provides multiple
services. One service responds to \textit{version} requests. Another
service responds to storage-related requests, which represent the main
scope of StoRM. In general there is no direct, one-to-one mapping
between SRM requests arriving at the frontend and requests addressed
to the backend; rather, these represent building blocks that the
frontend can compose in order to prepare the responses to SRM clients.
Among the storage requests addressed to the backend, at the moment
only a couple are implemented: \textit{ls}, in its multiple variations
(for a file or a directory, recursive, up to a given depth, etc.),
returns information about files and directories; \textit{pin},
\textit{unpin} and \textit{pin status} manage the
\verb|user.storm.pinned| attribute of filesystem entities, which is
essential for the implementation of the more complex
\textit{srmPrepareToGet} SRM request.
All the backend requests are currently blocking: a response is sent
back to the frontend only when the request has been fully processed.
The backend also incorporates sub-components of more general utility
to operate on Filesystem Extended Attributes and POSIX Access Control
Lists~\cite{p1003.1e}, adding a layer of safety and expressivity on
top of the native C APIs. They allow to define attributes and ACLs
respectively and to apply them to or read them from filesystem
entities.
For example the following sets the attribute \verb|user.storm.pinned|
of file \verb|myFile.txt| to the pin duration:
{\small
\begin{verbatim}
set_xattr(
storage_dir / "myFile.txt",
StormXAttrName{"pinned"},
XAttrValue{duration}
);
\end{verbatim}
}
The following instead extends the ACL currently assigned to
\verb|myFile.txt| with some additional entries:
{\small
\begin{verbatim}
add_to_access_acl(
storage_dir / "myFile.txt",
{
{User{"storm"}, Perms::Read | Perms::Write},
{Group{"storm"}, Perms::Read},
{other, Perms::None}
}
);
\end{verbatim}
}
The backend is implemented in C++, in the latest standard version
supported by the toolset installed in the reference platform
(currently C++17). The build system is based on CMake.
The backend relies on some other third-party dependencies, the most
important being for interaction with the filesystem (Boost
Filesystem~\cite{ref:boost.fs}), for logging (Boost
Log~\cite{ref:boost.log}) and for handling configuration
(yaml-cpp~\cite{ref:yaml-cpp}).
\section{Test suite and continuous integration}
The test suite is based on the Robot Framework~\cite{ref:rf} and is typically
run in a Docker container. A deployment test pipeline~\cite{ref:glcip} runs on
our Gitlab-based continuous integration (CI) system every night (and after any
commit on the master branch) to instantiate the main StoRM 2 services and
execute the SRM testsuite. The reports of the test suite execution are archived
and published on the Gitlab CI dashboard. Services and the test suite are
orchestrated using Docker Compose~\cite{ref:dc}. This approach provides an
intuitive, self-contained testing environment deployable on the CI system and on
the developers workstations.
The test deployment mirrors the architecture shown in
Figure~\ref{fig:storm-arch}, with clients and services placed in different
docker networks to mimic a real-life deployment scenario.
\section{Conclusions and future work}
In this contribution we have described the initial design and development
activities performed during 2018 on StoRM 2, the next incarnation of the StoRM
storage management system.
The main objectives of the StoRM refactoring is to improve the service
scalability and manageability in order to meet the data management requirements
of HL-LHC. The initial work of this year focused on choosing tools,
methodologies and approach with a strong emphasis on software quality.
In the future we will build on this groundwork to provide a full replacement
for the existing StoRM implementation. The lack of dedicated manpower for this
activity makes it hard to estimate when StoRM 2 will be ready to be deployed in
production.
\section*{References}
\bibliographystyle{iopart-num}
\bibliography{biblio}
\end{document}
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\documentclass[a4paper]{jpconf}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{document}
\title{DEEP-Hybrid DataCloud project: Hybrid services for distributed e-infrastructures}
%\address{Production Editor, \jpcs, \iopp, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS1~6BE, UK}
\author{A. Costantini$^1$, D.C. Duma$^1$, D. Michelotto$^1$, A. Falabella$^1$, E. Ronchieri$^1$, A. Ceccanti$^1$, M. Caberletti$^1$, D.Salomoni$^1$
% etc.
}
\address{$^1$ INFN-CNAF, Bologna, Italy}
\ead{alessandro.costantini@cnaf.infn.it}
\begin{abstract}
DEEP Hybrid DataCloud is an Horizon 2020 project that addresses the need to support intensive computing
techniques that require specialized HPC hardware, like GPUs or low-latency interconnects, to explore very large data sets.
Launched in November 2017 the H2020 DEEP Hybrid-DataCloud - DEEP-HDC is lasting for 30 months and is
combining the expertise of 10 large European research organisations.
The project proposes to deploy under the common label of “DEEP as a Service” a set of building blocks that
enable the easy development of applications requiring these techniques: deep learning using neural networks,
parallel post-processing of very large data, and analysis of massive online data streams.
This contribution will introduce the project, presents the foreseen overall architecture and the contribution to the
activities that are being carried on by INFN-CNAF personnel to achieve the project goals and objectives.
\end{abstract}
\section{Introduction}
Machine learning 'as-a-service' can clearly be seen as one of the main user requirements being asked for when
thinking about using large-scale computing infrastructure. With ever more data being available, the wish to
exploit this data is omnipresent. While machine learning pipelines for small-scale data sets are available in the
form of several software libraries, large-scale learning tasks provide another level of challenge. With the need
for a proper design of the learning task at hand, additional tasks result in the need to organize large-scale data,
the provision of necessary computing power and storage capacity and, since large-scale data is commonly
distributed, the orchestration of various infrastructure components at different places. It is obvious that such
learning tasks cannot be managed by a user with domain knowledge in the field of application, only. Therefore,
support by the infrastructure layer must break down the complexity of the task and allow the user to focus on
what she/he is skilled on, i.e., modeling of the problem, evaluating and interpreting the results of the machine
learning algorithms.
As a consequence, infrastructure providers have to understand the needs of their user communities and help
them to combine their services in a way that encapsulates technical details the end user does not have to deal with.
Indeed, this is the goal of the DEEP-HDC project \cite{deep} aimed at deploying under the common label of “DEEP as a Service” a
set of building blocks that enable the easy development of applications requiring these techniques: deep learning
using neural networks, parallel post-processing of very large data, and analysis of massive online data streams.
The targeted platforms for the released products are the already existing and the next generation e-Infrastructures
deployed in Europe, such as the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) \cite{EOSC}, the European Grid Infrastructure
(EGI) \cite{EGI} and the computing infrastructures that will be funded by the upcoming H2020 EINFRA-12 call.
DEEP-HDC is funded by the H2020 EINFRA-21-2017 Research and Innovation action under the topic Platform-driven
e-Infrastructure innovation \cite{einfracall21}. It is carried on by a Consortium that brings together technology
providers with a proven long-standing experience in software development and large research communities
belonging to diverse disciplines: Biological and Medical Science, Computing Security, Physical Sciences, Citizen
Science and Earth Observation.
DEEP-HDC started on 1st November 2017 and will run for 30 months until April 2020. The EU contribution for
the project is 2.98 million euros.
\section{Project Objectives}
The DEEP-Hybrid-DataCloud project started with the global objective of promoting the usage of intensive
computing services by different research communities and areas, and their support by the corresponding
e-Infrastructure providers and open source projects. Other objectives followed by the project are:
\begin{itemize}
\item Focus on intensive computing techniques for the analysis of very large data sets considering highly demanding use cases.
\item Evolve up to production level, intensive computing services exploiting specialized hardware.
\item Integrate intensive computing services under a hybrid cloud approach.
\item Define a “DEEP as a Service” solution to offer an adequate integration path to developers of final applications.
\item Analyse the complementarity with other ongoing projects targeting added value services for the cloud.
\end{itemize}
The DEEP-Hybrid-DataCloud project aims to provide a bridge towards a more flexible exploitation of intensive
computing resources by the research community, enabling access to the latest technologies that require also
last generation hardware and the scalability to be able to explore large data sets. It is structured into six
different work packages, covering Networking Activities (NA) devoted to the coordination, communication
and community liaison; Service Activities (SA) focused on the provisioning of services and resources for the
execution of the data analysis challenges; and Joint Research Activities (JRAs), dealing with the development
of new components and technologies to support data analysis.
In order to achieve these objectives, we propose to evolve existing cloud services, taking into account the
following design principles:
\begin{itemize}
\item Evolve the required services from TRL6 to TRL8 under an open framework and considering existing
standards for interoperability.
\item Re-use if possible existing cloud services in production, and in particular those being adopted for
proposed e-infrastructure of the European Open Science Cloud.
\item Consider the integration of existing specialized resources into cloud services having in mind the point
of view of the current daily management of those resources, like for example current HPC data centres.
\item Ensure that the resulting framework will have a low learning curve for the developers of the solutions,
by delivering a DEEP catalogue that can be directly exploited by users to build their applications.
\item Assure the scalability and performance of the solution developed, which is key to guarantee the interest
both of resource providers and users.
\end{itemize}
\section{Project structure}
The DEEP Hybrid DataCloud project is structured into six different work packages, covering Networking
Activities (NA) devoted to the coordination, communication and community liaison; Service Activities (SA)
focused on the provisioning of services and resources for the execution of the data analysis challenges; and
Joint Research Activities (JRAs), dealing with the development of new components and technologies to
support data analysis. Figure \ref{fig-wp} describes the interaction between the different work packages.
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=10cm,clip]{DEEP-WP.png}
\caption{Diagram showing WPs interrelation.}
\label{fig-wp}
\end{figure}
It is important to remark the key role of WP2/NA2 and WP3/SA1 to define and channel towards the JRA
work packages, WP4, WP5, WP6, the requirements for the solutions to be developed, and then provide feedback.
The direct interaction between WP2 and WP6 will promote an agile interaction on the design and
DEEP Hybrid DataCloud implementation of the services for final users.
{\bf Work Package 1, WP1 (NA1) - Project Management and Exploitation.}
This work package will perform the global oversight of the activities carried out within the project, ensuring
that they are aligned with the DEEP Hybrid DataCloud work programme. WP1 will also coordinate the
consortium management through the governance structure, including the promotion
of an adequate interaction between the WP through the steering committee.
{\bf Work Package 2, WP2 (NA2) - Intensive Computing Pilot Applications.}
This work package is responsible for the definition and correct understanding of the pilot usage scenarios
regarding the project’s technical architecture and will propose an architecture that is
applicable for the identified applications. Moreover, NA2 will interact with SA1 and JRA3 to ensure that the
delivered outcomes are aligned with the expectations of the user communities, are compliant with the
proposed scenarios and validated against the user applications.
{\bf Work Package 3, WP3 (SA1) - Testbed and integration with EOSC services.}
The service activities of the project will be supported by WP3, that will guarantee that the project pilot
testbeds are correctly integrated with other state of the art and e-Infrastructures and services from the
European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), so that the project can exploit their services in an easy way.
Moreover, this work package will supervise the software development within the project, providing a
continuous software improvement process that will involve quality assurance activities, software release
management, maintenance and support.
In particular, INFN-CNAF is coordinating Task 3.2 - Software quality assurance, release, maintenance and support.
Expressed in terms of Software Quality Assurance and Software Release and Maintenance, CNAF is coordinating
the management of those software products that became officially part of the first DEEP releases, codenamed
Genesis \cite{deep-genesis}, foreseen for late 2018 and effectively released in January 2019.
INFN CNAF is also coordinating the implementation of the continuous software improvement process,
following a DevOps approach, through the definition and realization of an innovative Continuous
Integration (CI) and Delivery (CD) system.
INFN-CNAF is contributing also to Task 3.1 - Pilot testbeds and integration with EOSC platform and their services - by
providing and maintaining the testbeds dedicated to developers, software integration and software preview.
In particular, the activities were focused in implementing the services needed to support the software development and release
management and included among others the source code repository, and continuous integration system.
{\bf Work Package 4, WP4 (JRA1) - Accelerated and High Performance Computing in the Cloud.}
This key research activity will be carried out close to the hardware and infrastructure, addressing the gaps
that currently exist in the support of accelerators (like GPU), specialized hardware (such as low-latency
interconnects) and HPC systems in general.
In particular, INFN-CNAF contributes to Task 4.3 - Interaction with HPC resources with PaaS approach - by making
available its experience on virtualization technologies and cloud middleware frameworks to develop advanced
solutions that enable the delivery of bare-metal like performance and the resource sharing in multi-tenancy environments.
{\bf Work Package 5, WP5 (JRA2) - High Level Hybrid Cloud solutions.}
Lead by INFN, WP5 will take care of the provisioning of the platform exploiting the outcomes from JRA1 in a hybrid
approach, delivering an execution platform for JRA2, ensuring that applications can be spawned in across
several cloud infrastructures.
In particular, INFN-CNAF contributes to Task 5.1 - PaaS-level Orchestration Supporting Multi-IaaS Hybrid Infrastructures -
by contributing both to the development of solutions aimed at provision and orchestrate resources among multiple IaaS and to the test
of the new TOSCA Templates that are able to deploy clusters of services.
{\bf Work Package 6, WP6 (JRA3) - DEEP as a Service.}
This activity focuses on bridging the outcomes of NA2, JRA1 and JRA2 so as to deliver the final solution to
the users in the form of a DEEP as a Service solution. This service will ensure that scientists have an easy
way to deploy and execute their intensive compute applications based on containers (from NA2) that will be
executed in an hybrid cloud platform (JRA2), exploiting the specialized hardware that their application requires (JRA1).
INFN-CNAF contributes to the JRA3 activities and task by supporting integration and testing activities aimed at
composing a set of defined building blocks that will model the user application and deploying these applications as services that
can be offered to final users, as a way to deliver scientific results to a wider scope of stakeholders.
In particular, INFN-CNAF is testing the DEEP-Alien4Cloud \cite{A4C} plugin, elected as the tool able to provide an
easy to use and intuitive application composition to deliver the DEEaaS solutions.
\section{DEEP Overall architecture}
The DEEP PaaS layer is based on the components developed and integrated in the INDIGO-DataCloud project \cite{indigo}.
The architecture is depicted in Figure~\ref{fig-arch} and the main components are briefly described hereafter:
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=10cm,clip]{DEEP-arch.png}
\caption{The architecture of the DEEP PaaS layer is based on the building blocks provided by the INDIGO-DataCloud project.}
\label{fig-arch}
\end{figure}
The PaaS Orchestrator is the core component of the PaaS layer. It receives high-level deployment requests and coordinates
the deployment process over the IaaS platforms.
The Identity and Access Management (IAM) Service provides a layer where identities, enrollment, group membership, attributes
and policies to access distributed resources and services can be managed in an homogeneous and interoperable way.
The Monitoring Service is in charge of collecting monitoring data from the targeted clouds, analysing and transforming them into
information to be consumed by the Orchestrator.
The Cloud Provider Ranker (CPR) is a rule-based engine that allows to rank cloud providers in order to help the Orchestrator
to select the best one for the requested deployment. The ranking algorithm can take into account preferences specified by
the user and other information like SLAs and monitoring data.
The SLA Management (SLAM) service allows the handshake between users and a site on a given SLA.
The Managed Service/Application (MSA) Deployment Service is in charge of scheduling, spawning, executing and monitoring
applications and services on a distributed infrastructure; the core of this component consists of an elastic Mesos cluster with
slave nodes dynamically provisioned and distributed on the IaaS sites.
The Infrastructure Manager (IM) deploys complex and customized virtual infrastructures on a IaaS site providing an abstraction
layer to define and provision resources in different clouds and virtualization platforms.
The Data Management Services is a collection of services that provide an abstraction layer for accessing the data storage
in a unified and federated way.
The Information Provider and Accounting System collects detailed information from an IaaS provider about the current
status of the resources from the amount of resources of CPU, RAM or storage to the availability of a service.
\section{DEEP as a Service solution}
The high level decomposition of the DEEP as a Service design is depicted in Figure~\ref{fig-DEEPaas}
and consists on the following key components:
\begin{itemize}
\item The DEEP open Catalog where the users, communities, etc. can browse, store and download relevant modules
for building up their applications (like ready to use machine learning frameworks, complex application topologies, etc.).
\item An application modeler or composition tool, that will be used to build up complex application topologies in an easy way.
\item A runtime engine, that will take the defined topology as input, provision the required computing resources and
deploy the application.
\item The DEEP PaaS layer, that will coordinate the overall workflow execution to choose the appropriate Cloud sites
and manage the deployment of the applications to be executed.
\item The DEEP as a Service solution, that will offer the application functionality to the user.
\item The EINFRA/EOSC data services, to be integrated with the DEEP solutions in order to provide access to any of
the data facilities existing in the European Open Science Cloud
\end{itemize}
The system is designed with extensibility in mind, taking great care in designing a framework which can be updated
easily and where a component can be replaced with a new one in case it is needed. Many of the anticipated changes
to our system in future phases will only require adding additional functionality on top of existing components,
remaining backwards compatible with previous versions.
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=12cm,clip]{DEEP-aas.png}
\caption{DEEPaaS high level architecture.}
\label{fig-DEEPaas}
\end{figure}
\section{Conclusions}
In the present contribution the DEEP-XDC project and its objectives have been presented and discussed.
These objective, together with the related needs proper of the research communities involved in the project, are
the real driver to develop innovative and reliable open source solutions able to fill up the technology gaps that currently
prevent effective exploitation of distributed computing and storage resources by many scientific communities.
For the second part of project, the activities carried on at INFN-CNAF will continue to ensure the fulfillment of the
project objectives.
In particular, the already available software solutions will be enriched by advanced functionalities (provided by JRAs)
aimed at addressing the use case requirements provided by NA2.
The implementation and related testing of those new solutions will be performed in the testbeds maintained by SA1.
SA1 will also continue its activities aimed at further validate the software, its robustness and scalability and will follow
the preparation of the second project release, DEEP-2 , foreseen for the second half of 2019.
Moreover, DEEP-HDC project can complement and integrate with other running projects and communities and with
existing multi-national, multi-community infrastructures. As an example,DEEP-HDC is collaborating with the
eXtreme-DataCloud (XDC) \cite{xdc} project aimed at developing scalable technologies for federating storage
resources and managing data in highly distributed computing environments.
\section*{Acknowledgments}
DEEP-HybridDataCloud has been funded by the European Commission H2020 research and innovation
program under grant agreement RIA 777435.
\section{References}
\begin{thebibliography}{}
\bibitem{deep}
Web site: www.deep-hybrid-datacloud.eu
\bibitem{EOSC}
Web site: https://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/index.cfm?pg=open-science-cloud
\bibitem{EGI}
Web site: https://www.egi.eu/
\bibitem{einfracall21}
Web site: http://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/portal/desktop/en/opportunities/h2020/topics/einfra-21-2017.html
\bibitem{deep-genesis}
Web site: https://deep-hybrid-datacloud.eu/2019/01/18/deep-genesis-first-software-release-is-out/
\bibitem{A4C}
Web site: https://github.com/indigo-dc/alien4cloud-deep/
\bibitem{indigo}
Web site: https://www.indigo-datacloud.eu
\bibitem{xdc}
Web site: www.extreme-datacloud.eu
\end{thebibliography}
\end{document}
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